diff --git a/src/components/comments/CommentsSection.tsx b/src/components/comments/CommentsSection.tsx
index 022b622..e7e162a 100644
--- a/src/components/comments/CommentsSection.tsx
+++ b/src/components/comments/CommentsSection.tsx
@@ -21,9 +21,10 @@ import {
 import { useAlert } from '../alerts';
 
 import TagChip from '../asset/TagChip';
-import { useAuth, objectToBase64, Spacer } from 'qapp-core';
+import { useAuth, objectToBase64, Spacer, Service } from 'qapp-core';
 // import { useTheme } from '@mui/material';
 import { assetCommentsPrefix, assetCommentId } from '../../constants/qdnConstants';
+import { addPrivateMagic, stripPrivateMagic } from '../../constants/qdeckIdentifiers';
 import { uniqueId6 } from '../../utils/ids';
 import { base64ToObject } from '../../utils/data';
 import { fetchAccountAvatarDataUrl } from '../../utils/qdnAvatar';
@@ -118,6 +119,8 @@ export interface CommentsSectionProps {
   primaryGroupId: number;
   isIssuer?: boolean;
   issuerName: string | null;
+  isPrivate?: boolean;
+  privateGroupId?: number;
   type?: string;
   pageSize?: number; // default 10 roots per page
   collapsible?: boolean; // default false
@@ -254,19 +257,21 @@ async function fetchHtmlComment(
   name: string,
   identifier: string,
   prefix: string,
+  service: Service,
   createdFallback?: number,
   updatedFallback?: number
 ): Promise<ThreadComment | null> {
   try {
     const b64 = await qortalRequest({
       action: 'FETCH_QDN_RESOURCE',
-      service: 'DOCUMENT',
+      service,
       name,
       identifier,
       encoding: 'base64',
     } as any);
 
-    const rawLen = base64ByteLength(b64);
+    const cleaned = typeof b64 === 'string' ? stripPrivateMagic(b64) : b64;
+    const rawLen = base64ByteLength(cleaned as string);
 
     if (rawLen <= DELETED_SENTINEL_LEN) {
       const id = stripPrefixId(identifier, prefix);
@@ -282,7 +287,7 @@ async function fetchHtmlComment(
       } as ThreadCommentWithFlags;
     }
 
-    const obj = await base64ToObject(b64);
+    const obj = await base64ToObject(cleaned);
     if (!obj || typeof obj !== 'object') return null;
 
     const html = String((obj as any).html ?? '').trim();
@@ -323,6 +328,8 @@ export default function CommentsSection({
   primaryGroupId,
   // isIssuer,
   issuerName,
+  isPrivate,
+  privateGroupId,
   pageSize: pageSizeProp,
   collapsible = true,
   defaultCollapsed = false,
@@ -389,6 +396,12 @@ export default function CommentsSection({
   const end = Math.min(start + pageSize, totalRoots);
   const pageRoots = forestRootsDesc.slice(start, end);
 
+  const effectiveGroupId =
+    Number.isFinite(privateGroupId) && privateGroupId
+      ? privateGroupId
+      : Number.isFinite(primaryGroupId) && primaryGroupId
+        ? primaryGroupId
+        : undefined;
   const inputs = {
     primaryGroupId,
     MINTER_GROUP_ID,
@@ -509,7 +522,8 @@ export default function CommentsSection({
       setError(null);
       try {
         // 1) Find all identifiers quickly (cheap)
-        const hitsAll = await searchSimpleByIdentifierPrefix('DOCUMENT', prefix, 0);
+        const svc = isPrivate ? 'DOCUMENT_PRIVATE' : ('DOCUMENT' as Service);
+        const hitsAll = await searchSimpleByIdentifierPrefix(svc, prefix, 0);
         if (cancelled) return;
 
         // Sort stable (you had this already)
@@ -533,7 +547,7 @@ export default function CommentsSection({
           hits.map((h) =>
             limit(async () => {
               if (cancelled) return;
-              const doc = await fetchHtmlComment(h.name, h.identifier, prefix);
+              const doc = await fetchHtmlComment(h.name, h.identifier, prefix, svc);
               if (!doc) return;
               // de-dupe by id
               if (docs.find((d) => d.id === doc.id)) return;
@@ -565,7 +579,7 @@ export default function CommentsSection({
           const candidateNames = namesByIdentifier.get(fullIdentifier) ?? [];
           let found: ThreadComment | null = null;
           for (const nm of candidateNames) {
-            const doc = await fetchHtmlComment(nm, fullIdentifier, prefix);
+            const doc = await fetchHtmlComment(nm, fullIdentifier, prefix, svc);
             if (doc) {
               found = doc;
               break;
@@ -574,7 +588,7 @@ export default function CommentsSection({
           if (!found && docs.length) {
             const uniqueAuthors = Array.from(new Set(docs.map((x) => x.author).filter(Boolean)));
             for (const nm of uniqueAuthors) {
-              const doc = await fetchHtmlComment(nm, fullIdentifier, prefix);
+              const doc = await fetchHtmlComment(nm, fullIdentifier, prefix, svc);
               if (doc) {
                 found = doc;
                 break;
@@ -696,13 +710,25 @@ export default function CommentsSection({
 
       const identifier = assetCommentId(assetId, id);
       const data64 = await objectToBase64(entry);
+      const service = isPrivate ? ('DOCUMENT_PRIVATE' as Service) : ('DOCUMENT' as Service);
+      let finalData = data64;
+      if (isPrivate) {
+        if (!effectiveGroupId) throw new Error('Missing private group for comment publish.');
+        const encrypted = await qortalRequest({
+          action: 'ENCRYPT_QORTAL_GROUP_DATA',
+          base64: data64,
+          groupId: effectiveGroupId,
+          isAdmins: false,
+        });
+        finalData = addPrivateMagic(encrypted);
+      }
 
       await qortalRequest({
         action: 'PUBLISH_QDN_RESOURCE',
         name: userName,
-        service: 'DOCUMENT',
+        service,
         identifier,
-        data64,
+        data64: finalData,
       } as any);
 
       // optimistic UI: add the newly published comment at the top
@@ -764,13 +790,25 @@ export default function CommentsSection({
 
       const identifier = assetCommentId(assetId, editTarget.id);
       const data64 = await objectToBase64(entry);
+      const service = isPrivate ? ('DOCUMENT_PRIVATE' as Service) : ('DOCUMENT' as Service);
+      let finalData = data64;
+      if (isPrivate) {
+        if (!effectiveGroupId) throw new Error('Missing private group for comment publish.');
+        const encrypted = await qortalRequest({
+          action: 'ENCRYPT_QORTAL_GROUP_DATA',
+          base64: data64,
+          groupId: effectiveGroupId,
+          isAdmins: false,
+        });
+        finalData = addPrivateMagic(encrypted);
+      }
 
       await qortalRequest({
         action: 'PUBLISH_QDN_RESOURCE',
         name: userName,
-        service: 'DOCUMENT',
+        service,
         identifier,
-        data64,
+        data64: finalData,
       } as any);
 
       // Optimistic local update
@@ -810,12 +848,25 @@ export default function CommentsSection({
       // Publish tiny sentinel payload (1 raw byte) – base64("x") = "eA=="
       const data64 = btoa(DELETED_SENTINEL_RAW);
 
+      const service = isPrivate ? ('DOCUMENT_PRIVATE' as Service) : ('DOCUMENT' as Service);
+      let finalData = data64;
+      if (isPrivate) {
+        if (!effectiveGroupId) throw new Error('Missing private group for comment publish.');
+        const encrypted = await qortalRequest({
+          action: 'ENCRYPT_QORTAL_GROUP_DATA',
+          base64: data64,
+          groupId: effectiveGroupId,
+          isAdmins: false,
+        });
+        finalData = addPrivateMagic(encrypted);
+      }
+
       await qortalRequest({
         action: 'PUBLISH_QDN_RESOURCE',
         name: userName,
-        service: 'DOCUMENT',
+        service,
         identifier,
-        data64,
+        data64: finalData,
       } as any);
 
       // Optimistic local mark
diff --git a/src/components/common/PublishQueueStatus.tsx b/src/components/common/PublishQueueStatus.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..158eb38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/components/common/PublishQueueStatus.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import QdnPublishStatus from './QdnPublishStatus';
+import { usePublishQueue } from '../../state/publishQueue';
+
+type Props = {
+  fallbackLabel?: string;
+};
+
+export default function PublishQueueStatus({ fallbackLabel }: Props) {
+  const state = usePublishQueue();
+  const activeJob = state.activeJobId
+    ? state.jobs.find((job) => job.id === state.activeJobId)
+    : null;
+
+  if (!activeJob) return null;
+
+  return (
+    <QdnPublishStatus
+      progress={activeJob.progress}
+      throttle={activeJob.throttle}
+      contextLabel={activeJob.label || fallbackLabel}
+    />
+  );
+}
diff --git a/src/components/common/QdnPublishStatus.tsx b/src/components/common/QdnPublishStatus.tsx
index e7b20b9..ba4436b 100644
--- a/src/components/common/QdnPublishStatus.tsx
+++ b/src/components/common/QdnPublishStatus.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { Box, Button, LinearProgress, Typography } from '@mui/material';
 import type { PublishJobProgress, PublishJobStatus } from '../../utils/qdnProgressivePublisher';
-import type { PublishThrottleState } from '../../hooks/useQdnProgressivePublisher';
+import type { PublishThrottleState } from '../../state/publishQueue';
 
 type Props = {
   progress: PublishJobProgress | null;
diff --git a/src/components/news/AnnouncementDialog.tsx b/src/components/news/AnnouncementDialog.tsx
index b2b107e..4ad5fbf 100644
--- a/src/components/news/AnnouncementDialog.tsx
+++ b/src/components/news/AnnouncementDialog.tsx
@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@ import {
 } from '@mui/material';
 import { useAuth } from 'qapp-core';
 import TiptapEditor from '../TipTapEditor';
-import QdnPublishStatus from '../common/QdnPublishStatus';
+import PublishQueueStatus from '../common/PublishQueueStatus';
 import { prepareHtmlForPublish } from '../../utils/publicationPublisher';
+import { invalidateAnnouncementCache, dispatchNewsRefreshEvent } from '../../utils/news';
 import { objectToBase64 } from '../../utils/data';
 import { sendNotification } from '../../notifications/notificationService';
 import { NOTIF_GROUP_ID } from '../../notifications/notifyIndex';
@@ -32,10 +33,9 @@ import { qaAnnouncementPrefix } from '../../constants/qdnConstants';
 import { uniqueId6 } from '../../utils/ids';
 import { getAccountGroups, type GroupSummary } from '../../utils/qortalApi';
 import type { NotifScope } from '../../types/notifications';
-import { QmailPartialError } from '../../utils/qmailNotifications';
 import type { NotificationRecipient } from '../../utils/notificationRecipients';
 import { prepareQmailRecipients } from '../../utils/qmailRecipientCache';
-import { useQdnProgressivePublisher } from '../../hooks/useQdnProgressivePublisher';
+import { enqueueQdnPublishJob } from '../../state/publishQueue';
 import { PublishJobError } from '../../utils/qdnProgressivePublisher';
 
 type Props = {
@@ -46,22 +46,6 @@ type Props = {
 
 const APP_HOME_LINK = 'qortal://APP/Q-Assets';
 
-type QmailPartial = {
-  title: string;
-  identifier: string;
-  sent: number;
-  total: number;
-  savedAt: number;
-};
-
-function saveQmailPartial(info: QmailPartial) {
-  try {
-    localStorage.setItem('qassets_qmail_partial', JSON.stringify(info));
-  } catch {
-    /* ignore */
-  }
-}
-
 export default function AnnouncementDialog({
   open,
   onClose,
@@ -79,52 +63,6 @@ export default function AnnouncementDialog({
   const [groupOptions, setGroupOptions] = useState<GroupSummary[]>([]);
   const [groupsLoading, setGroupsLoading] = useState(false);
   const [notificationGroupId, setNotificationGroupId] = useState<number | ''>('');
-  const {
-    publish: publishAnnouncementResources,
-    progress: qdnProgress,
-    throttle: qdnThrottle,
-  } = useQdnProgressivePublisher();
-  const [qmailThrottle, setQmailThrottle] = useState<{
-    sent: number;
-    total: number;
-    secondsLeft: number;
-    resolver: (v: boolean) => void;
-    identifier: string;
-    title: string;
-  } | null>(null);
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (!qmailThrottle) return;
-    const id = setInterval(() => {
-      setQmailThrottle((prev) => {
-        if (!prev) return prev;
-        const next = prev.secondsLeft - 1;
-        if (next <= 0) {
-          prev.resolver(true);
-          return null;
-        }
-        return { ...prev, secondsLeft: next };
-      });
-    }, 1000);
-    return () => clearInterval(id);
-  }, [qmailThrottle]);
-
-  const cancelQmailThrottle = () => {
-    if (!qmailThrottle) return;
-    saveQmailPartial({
-      title: qmailThrottle.title,
-      identifier: qmailThrottle.identifier,
-      sent: qmailThrottle.sent,
-      total: qmailThrottle.total,
-      savedAt: Date.now(),
-    });
-    qmailThrottle.resolver(false);
-    setQmailThrottle(null);
-    setBusy(false);
-    setErr(
-      `Q-Mail paused after ${qmailThrottle.sent}/${qmailThrottle.total}. Saved for re-publish later.`
-    );
-  };
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!address) {
@@ -177,7 +115,7 @@ export default function AnnouncementDialog({
 
       const announcementBase64 = await objectToBase64(annPayload);
 
-      await publishAnnouncementResources({
+      const queued = enqueueQdnPublishJob({
         label: 'Announcement publish',
         resources: [
           {
@@ -188,23 +126,10 @@ export default function AnnouncementDialog({
           },
         ],
       });
-
-      const qmailOptions = () => ({
-        batchSize: 10,
-        onThrottle: (ctx: { sent: number; total: number; delayMs: number; nextIndex: number }) =>
-          new Promise<boolean>((resolve) => {
-            setQmailThrottle({
-              sent: ctx.sent,
-              total: ctx.total,
-              secondsLeft: Math.ceil(ctx.delayMs / 1000),
-              resolver: resolve,
-              identifier,
-              title,
-            });
-          }),
-        onProgress: ({ sent, total }: { sent: number; total: number }) =>
-          setQmailThrottle((prev) => (prev ? { ...prev, sent, total } : prev)),
-      });
+      if (!queued) throw new Error('Unable to queue announcement publish.');
+      await queued.completion;
+      invalidateAnnouncementCache();
+      dispatchNewsRefreshEvent();
 
       if ((notifyMail || notifyChat) && address) {
         const extraGroupId =
@@ -258,7 +183,6 @@ export default function AnnouncementDialog({
             publisher,
             qdnResource: { publisher: userName, identifier },
             links,
-            qmailOptions: qmailOptions(),
             deliveries: {
               internal: { enabled: true, chatPingGroupId: notifyChat ? NOTIF_GROUP_ID : undefined },
               qmail: notifyMail
@@ -283,7 +207,6 @@ export default function AnnouncementDialog({
               publisher,
               qdnResource: { publisher: userName, identifier },
               links,
-              qmailOptions: qmailOptions(),
               deliveries: {
                 internal: { enabled: true },
                 qmail: notifyMail
@@ -319,18 +242,6 @@ export default function AnnouncementDialog({
       const declineReported = lower.includes('user declined request');
       if (e instanceof PublishJobError) {
         setErr(e.message || 'Announcement publishing cancelled.');
-      } else if (e instanceof QmailPartialError || e?.code === 'QMAIL_PARTIAL') {
-        saveQmailPartial({
-          title,
-          identifier,
-          sent: e.sent ?? 0,
-          total: e.total ?? 0,
-          savedAt: Date.now(),
-        });
-        setErr(
-          e?.message ||
-            `Q-Mail paused after ${e.sent ?? 0}/${e.total ?? 0}. Saved progress for re-publish.`
-        );
       } else {
         setErr(
           declineReported
@@ -339,7 +250,7 @@ export default function AnnouncementDialog({
         );
       }
     } finally {
-      if (!qmailThrottle && !qdnThrottle) setBusy(false);
+      setBusy(false);
     }
   }
 
@@ -442,35 +353,7 @@ export default function AnnouncementDialog({
               </FormHelperText>
             </FormControl>
           </Box>
-          <QdnPublishStatus
-            progress={qdnProgress}
-            throttle={qdnThrottle}
-            contextLabel="Publishing announcement"
-          />
-          {qmailThrottle && (
-            <Box
-              sx={{
-                p: 1,
-                border: (t) => `1px solid ${t.palette.warning.main}`,
-                borderRadius: 1,
-                bgcolor: (t) => t.palette.warning.light,
-                color: (t) => t.palette.getContrastText(t.palette.warning.light),
-              }}
-            >
-              <Typography variant="body2" fontWeight={700}>
-                Q-Mail throttled
-              </Typography>
-              <Typography variant="body2">
-                Sent {qmailThrottle.sent}/{qmailThrottle.total}. Auto-retrying in{' '}
-                {qmailThrottle.secondsLeft}s.
-              </Typography>
-              <Box sx={{ mt: 1, display: 'flex', gap: 1 }}>
-                <Button variant="contained" color="warning" onClick={cancelQmailThrottle}>
-                  Cancel / Pause
-                </Button>
-              </Box>
-            </Box>
-          )}
+          <PublishQueueStatus fallbackLabel="Publishing announcement" />
           {err && <Box sx={{ color: 'error.main', fontSize: 13 }}>{err}</Box>}
         </Box>
       </DialogContent>
diff --git a/src/components/news/NewsPublisher.tsx b/src/components/news/NewsPublisher.tsx
index 60a4efc..cacfd10 100644
--- a/src/components/news/NewsPublisher.tsx
+++ b/src/components/news/NewsPublisher.tsx
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import {
 } from '@mui/material';
 import { useAuth } from 'qapp-core';
 import TiptapEditor from '../TipTapEditor';
-import QdnPublishStatus from '../common/QdnPublishStatus';
+import PublishQueueStatus from '../common/PublishQueueStatus';
 import { prepareHtmlForPublish } from '../../utils/publicationPublisher';
 import { assetNewsItemId } from '../../constants/qdnConstants';
 import { isNameAdminOfGroupId } from '../../utils/access';
@@ -22,8 +22,10 @@ import { uniqueId6 } from '../../utils/ids';
 import { useAlert } from '../alerts';
 import { publishScopedNotification } from '../../utils/notificationPublisher';
 import { objectToBase64 } from '../../utils/data';
-import { useQdnProgressivePublisher } from '../../hooks/useQdnProgressivePublisher';
+import { enqueueQdnPublishJob } from '../../state/publishQueue';
 import { PublishJobError } from '../../utils/qdnProgressivePublisher';
+import { resolveAssetPublicationById } from '../../utils/resolveAssetPublication';
+import { addPrivateMagic } from '../../constants/qdeckIdentifiers';
 
 export default function NewsPublisher({
   assetId,
@@ -50,31 +52,38 @@ export default function NewsPublisher({
       ? Number(primaryGroupId)
       : null;
 
-  const canPublish = async () => {
+  const canPublish = async (groupId?: number | null) => {
     if (!userName) authenticateUser();
     if (isIssuer) return true;
-    if (!primaryGroupId) return false;
-    return isNameAdminOfGroupId(userName as string, primaryGroupId);
+    if (!groupId) return false;
+    return isNameAdminOfGroupId(userName as string, groupId);
   };
 
   const { alert } = useAlert();
-  const {
-    publish: publishNewsResources,
-    progress: qdnProgress,
-    throttle: qdnThrottle,
-  } = useQdnProgressivePublisher();
-
-  const showQdnStatus =
-    (qdnProgress && qdnProgress.status !== 'completed' && qdnProgress.status !== 'cancelled') ||
-    !!qdnThrottle;
-
   const handlePublish = async () => {
     if (!userName) {
       await alert('You need a Qortal name to publish.');
       return;
     }
-    if (!(await canPublish())) {
-      await alert('Only issuer or primary group admins can publish News.');
+    const privacy = assetId
+      ? await resolveAssetPublicationById(assetId).catch(() => ({ publication: null }))
+      : { publication: null };
+    const isPrivate = Boolean(privacy.publication?.privateAsset);
+    const privateGroupIdRaw =
+      privacy.publication?.privateGroupId ?? privacy.publication?.primaryGroup?.id;
+    const privateGroupId =
+      privateGroupIdRaw != null && Number.isFinite(Number(privateGroupIdRaw))
+        ? Number(privateGroupIdRaw)
+        : null;
+    const effectiveGroupId = privateGroupId ?? normalizedGroupId;
+
+    if (!(await canPublish(effectiveGroupId))) {
+      await alert('Only issuer or authorized group admins can publish News.');
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (isPrivate && !effectiveGroupId) {
+      await alert('Private assets require a private group to publish news.');
       return;
     }
 
@@ -87,21 +96,42 @@ export default function NewsPublisher({
       title: newsTitle,
       createdAt: Date.now(),
     };
-    const b64 = await objectToBase64(payloadObj);
+    const raw64 = await objectToBase64(payloadObj);
+
+    // Encrypt for private assets
+    const service: 'DOCUMENT' | 'DOCUMENT_PRIVATE' = isPrivate ? 'DOCUMENT_PRIVATE' : 'DOCUMENT';
+    let data64 = raw64;
+    if (isPrivate) {
+      try {
+        const encrypted = await qortalRequest({
+          action: 'ENCRYPT_QORTAL_GROUP_DATA',
+          base64: raw64,
+          groupId: effectiveGroupId!,
+          isAdmins: false,
+        });
+        data64 = addPrivateMagic(encrypted);
+      } catch (e: any) {
+        const msg = typeof e?.message === 'string' ? e.message : 'Failed to encrypt for group.';
+        await alert(msg, 'Publish failed', { severity: 'error' });
+        return;
+      }
+    }
 
     setPublishing(true);
     try {
-      await publishNewsResources({
+      const queued = enqueueQdnPublishJob({
         label: 'Asset news publish',
         resources: [
           {
             name: userName as string,
-            service: 'DOCUMENT',
+            service,
             identifier: newsItemId,
-            data64: b64,
+            data64,
           },
         ],
       });
+      if (!queued) throw new Error('Unable to queue news publish');
+      await queued.completion;
 
       const assetLink = `qortal://APP/Q-Assets/assets/${assetId}`;
       const links = [
@@ -116,7 +146,8 @@ export default function NewsPublisher({
       ];
 
       if (address) {
-        if (notifyAppSubs) {
+        // For private assets, avoid global notifications; only group scope.
+        if (!isPrivate && notifyAppSubs) {
           await publishScopedNotification({
             scope: { kind: 'global' },
             title: newsTitle,
@@ -127,9 +158,9 @@ export default function NewsPublisher({
             links,
           });
         }
-        if (notifyGroupSubs && normalizedGroupId) {
+        if (notifyGroupSubs && effectiveGroupId) {
           await publishScopedNotification({
-            scope: { kind: 'group', groupId: normalizedGroupId },
+            scope: { kind: 'group', groupId: effectiveGroupId },
             title: assetName ? `${assetName} group notice` : `Asset #${assetId} group notice`,
             html: payload,
             publisher: { name: userName, address, role: 'admin' },
@@ -207,15 +238,7 @@ export default function NewsPublisher({
               }
             />
           </Box>
-          {showQdnStatus && (
-            <Box sx={{ mt: 2 }}>
-              <QdnPublishStatus
-                progress={qdnProgress}
-                throttle={qdnThrottle}
-                contextLabel="Publishing news article"
-              />
-            </Box>
-          )}
+          <PublishQueueStatus fallbackLabel="Publishing news article" />
         </DialogContent>
         <DialogActions>
           <Button onClick={() => setOpen(false)} disabled={publishing}>
diff --git a/src/components/news/QAssetsNewsSection.tsx b/src/components/news/QAssetsNewsSection.tsx
index 77fc792..68b7bd3 100644
--- a/src/components/news/QAssetsNewsSection.tsx
+++ b/src/components/news/QAssetsNewsSection.tsx
@@ -1,10 +1,17 @@
-import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react';
 import { Box, Card, CardContent, Typography, Divider, Skeleton, Chip, Button } from '@mui/material';
 import Grid from '@mui/material/Grid';
 import { useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom';
-import { fetchAnnouncements, fetchLatestAssetNews, fetchActivePromotions } from '../../utils/news';
+import {
+  fetchAnnouncements,
+  fetchLatestAssetNews,
+  fetchActivePromotions,
+  NEWS_REFRESH_EVENT,
+  invalidateAnnouncementCache,
+} from '../../utils/news';
 import { useTheme, alpha } from '@mui/material/styles';
 import NewsActionBar from '../../components/news/NewsActionBar';
+import { useMemberGroupIds } from '../../hooks/useMemberGroupIds';
 
 import type { NewsSummary, NewsType } from '../../types/newsAndPromos';
 
@@ -202,45 +209,54 @@ export default function QAssetsNewsSection() {
   // const [detailError, setDetailError] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
   const navigate = useNavigate();
+  const { memberGroupIds, loading: groupsLoading } = useMemberGroupIds();
 
   const theme = useTheme();
 
   // Initial load of lists
-  useEffect(() => {
-    let cancelled = false;
-    const load = async () => {
+  const loadNews = useCallback(
+    async (forceFresh = false) => {
+      if (forceFresh) {
+        invalidateAnnouncementCache();
+      }
       try {
         setLoading(true);
         const announcementLimit = showMoreAnnouncements ? 50 : 5;
         const assetNewsLimit = showMoreNews ? 50 : 8;
         const [a, n, p] = await Promise.all([
-          fetchAnnouncements(announcementLimit, { includeExpired: showArchivedAnnouncements }),
-          fetchLatestAssetNews(assetNewsLimit, { includeExpired: showArchivedNews }),
+          fetchAnnouncements(announcementLimit, {
+            includeExpired: showArchivedAnnouncements,
+            forceFresh,
+          }),
+          fetchLatestAssetNews(assetNewsLimit, {
+            includeExpired: showArchivedNews,
+            allowedGroupIds: memberGroupIds,
+          }),
           fetchActivePromotions(),
         ]);
-        if (cancelled) return;
         setAnnouncements(a);
         setAssetNews(n);
         setPromotions(p);
       } catch (e) {
         console.error('Failed to load Q-Assets news', e);
-        if (!cancelled) {
-          setAnnouncements([]);
-          setAssetNews([]);
-          setPromotions([]);
-        }
+        setAnnouncements([]);
+        setAssetNews([]);
+        setPromotions([]);
       } finally {
-        if (!cancelled) setLoading(false);
+        setLoading(false);
       }
-    };
-    load();
-    return () => {
-      cancelled = true;
-    };
-  }, [showArchivedAnnouncements, showArchivedNews, showMoreAnnouncements, showMoreNews]);
+    },
+    [
+      showArchivedAnnouncements,
+      showArchivedNews,
+      showMoreAnnouncements,
+      showMoreNews,
+      memberGroupIds,
+    ]
+  );
 
   const loadingLists =
-    loading || announcements === null || assetNews === null || promotions === null;
+    loading || groupsLoading || announcements === null || assetNews === null || promotions === null;
 
   const handleClickItem = (item: NewsSummary) => {
     setSelected(item);
@@ -252,11 +268,32 @@ export default function QAssetsNewsSection() {
     // setDetailLoading(false);
   };
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let cancelled = false;
+    (async () => {
+      if (cancelled) return;
+      await loadNews(true);
+    })();
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, [loadNews]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const handler = () => {
+      loadNews(true);
+    };
+    window.addEventListener(NEWS_REFRESH_EVENT, handler);
+    return () => {
+      window.removeEventListener(NEWS_REFRESH_EVENT, handler);
+    };
+  }, [loadNews]);
+
   const announcementList = announcements || [];
-  const assetNewsList = assetNews || [];
 
   const announcementActive = announcementList.filter((item) => !item.isExpired);
   const announcementArchived = announcementList.filter((item) => item.isExpired);
+  const assetNewsList = assetNews || [];
   const newsActive = assetNewsList.filter((item) => !item.isExpired);
   const newsArchived = assetNewsList.filter((item) => item.isExpired);
 
diff --git a/src/hooks/useMemberGroupIds.ts b/src/hooks/useMemberGroupIds.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ecbedc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hooks/useMemberGroupIds.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import { useAuth } from 'qapp-core';
+import { getAccountGroups } from '../utils/qortalApi';
+
+export function useMemberGroupIds() {
+  const { address } = useAuth();
+  const [memberGroupIds, setMemberGroupIds] = useState<number[]>([]);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!address) {
+      setMemberGroupIds([]);
+      return;
+    }
+    let cancelled = false;
+    (async () => {
+      try {
+        setLoading(true);
+        const cacheKey = `memberGroups:${address}`;
+        const cached = localStorage.getItem(cacheKey);
+        if (cached) {
+          try {
+            const parsed = JSON.parse(cached);
+            if (Array.isArray(parsed) && !cancelled) {
+              setMemberGroupIds(parsed as number[]);
+            }
+          } catch {
+            /* ignore cache parse */
+          }
+        }
+        const groups = await getAccountGroups(address);
+        if (!cancelled) {
+          const next = groups
+            .map((g) => Number(g.groupId))
+            .filter((n) => Number.isFinite(n)) as number[];
+          setMemberGroupIds(next);
+          localStorage.setItem(cacheKey, JSON.stringify(next));
+        }
+      } catch {
+        if (!cancelled) setMemberGroupIds([]);
+      } finally {
+        if (!cancelled) setLoading(false);
+      }
+    })();
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, [address]);
+
+  return { memberGroupIds, loading };
+}
diff --git a/src/hooks/useQdnProgressivePublisher.ts b/src/hooks/useQdnProgressivePublisher.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index a4b9f0e..0000000
--- a/src/hooks/useQdnProgressivePublisher.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react';
-import {
-  publishResourcesWithProgress,
-  type PublishJobDefinition,
-  type PublishJobOptions,
-  type PublishJobProgress,
-  type PublishThrottleContext,
-} from '../utils/qdnProgressivePublisher';
-
-export type PublishThrottleState = {
-  context: PublishThrottleContext;
-  secondsLeft: number;
-  resume: () => void;
-  cancel: () => void;
-};
-
-export function useQdnProgressivePublisher() {
-  const [progress, setProgress] = useState<PublishJobProgress | null>(null);
-  const [throttle, setThrottle] = useState<PublishThrottleState | null>(null);
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (!throttle) return;
-    if (throttle.secondsLeft <= 0) {
-      throttle.resume();
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const id = setInterval(() => {
-      setThrottle((prev) => {
-        if (!prev) return prev;
-        if (prev.secondsLeft <= 1) {
-          prev.resume();
-          return null;
-        }
-        return { ...prev, secondsLeft: prev.secondsLeft - 1 };
-      });
-    }, 1000);
-
-    return () => clearInterval(id);
-  }, [throttle]);
-
-  const publish = useCallback(async (job: PublishJobDefinition, options?: PublishJobOptions) => {
-    const { onProgress, onThrottle, ...rest } = options || {};
-    setProgress(null);
-
-    const handleProgress = (ctx: PublishJobProgress) => {
-      setProgress(ctx);
-      onProgress?.(ctx);
-    };
-
-    const handleThrottle = async (ctx: PublishThrottleContext) => {
-      if (onThrottle) {
-        const decision = await onThrottle(ctx);
-        if (decision === false) return false;
-      }
-
-      return new Promise<boolean>((resolve) => {
-        const resolveAndClear = (value: boolean) => {
-          resolve(value);
-          setThrottle(null);
-        };
-
-        setThrottle({
-          context: ctx,
-          secondsLeft: Math.ceil(ctx.delayMs / 1000),
-          resume: () => resolveAndClear(true),
-          cancel: () => resolveAndClear(false),
-        });
-      });
-    };
-
-    try {
-      await publishResourcesWithProgress(job, {
-        ...rest,
-        onProgress: handleProgress,
-        onThrottle: handleThrottle,
-      });
-    } finally {
-      setProgress(null);
-      setThrottle(null);
-    }
-  }, []);
-
-  return { publish, progress, throttle };
-}
diff --git a/src/hooks/useQdnResources.ts b/src/hooks/useQdnResources.ts
index d5b5e73..bb945f0 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useQdnResources.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useQdnResources.ts
@@ -24,7 +24,13 @@ const MAX_AUTO_PAGES = 40;
 /**
  * Generic hook for listing QDN resources for a given name, with paging support.
  */
-export function useQdnResources(name: string | null) {
+export function useQdnResources(
+  name: string | null,
+  options?: {
+    autoFetch?: boolean;
+  }
+) {
+  const autoFetch = options?.autoFetch !== false;
   const [rows, setRows] = useState<QdnResource[]>([]);
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
   const [hasMore, setHasMore] = useState(false);
@@ -110,8 +116,8 @@ export function useQdnResources(name: string | null) {
 
   useEffect(() => {
     resetState();
-    if (name) void fetchPage(0);
-  }, [name, fetchPage, resetState]);
+    if (name && autoFetch) void fetchPage(0);
+  }, [name, fetchPage, resetState, autoFetch]);
 
   return { rows, loading, hasMore, loadMore, loadAll, error, reset: resetState, reload };
 }
diff --git a/src/notifications/notificationService.ts b/src/notifications/notificationService.ts
index 4f16c60..5f020a4 100644
--- a/src/notifications/notificationService.ts
+++ b/src/notifications/notificationService.ts
@@ -154,8 +154,6 @@ export async function sendNotification(
           message,
           batchSize: request.qmailOptions?.batchSize,
           resumeFrom: request.qmailOptions?.resumeFrom,
-          onThrottle: request.qmailOptions?.onThrottle,
-          onProgress: request.qmailOptions?.onProgress,
         });
         results.qmail = { recipients: recipients.length };
       }
diff --git a/src/pages/AssetDetails.tsx b/src/pages/AssetDetails.tsx
index 5d363b0..d2dfd8a 100644
--- a/src/pages/AssetDetails.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/AssetDetails.tsx
@@ -63,6 +63,8 @@ import PublishedHtmlRenderer from '../components/PublishedHtmlRenderer';
 import { useAlert } from '../components/alerts';
 import { updateAsset, getAccountGroups, type GroupSummary, getGroupById } from '../utils/qortalApi';
 // import { getAssetInfo } from '../utils/qortalAssetRequests';
+import { useMemberGroupIds } from '../hooks/useMemberGroupIds';
+import { canViewAsset, getAssetPrivacy, type AssetPrivacy } from '../utils/assetPrivacy';
 
 type Enriched = {
   assetId: number;
@@ -174,9 +176,27 @@ export default function AssetDetail() {
   // const navigate = useNavigate();
   const isIssuer = !!asset && !!userAddress && asset.owner === userAddress;
   const { alert } = useAlert();
+  const { memberGroupIds, loading: memberGroupsLoading } = useMemberGroupIds();
+  const [assetPrivacy, setAssetPrivacy] = useState<AssetPrivacy | null>(null);
+  const [privacyChecked, setPrivacyChecked] = useState(false);
 
   const canPublish = isIssuer && issuerName && issuerName === (userName as string | undefined);
   const id = useMemo(() => Number(assetId), [assetId]);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let cancelled = false;
+    setPrivacyChecked(false);
+    (async () => {
+      try {
+        const priv = await getAssetPrivacy(id);
+        if (!cancelled) setAssetPrivacy(priv);
+      } finally {
+        if (!cancelled) setPrivacyChecked(true);
+      }
+    })();
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, [id]);
   const publishAllChanges = useCallback(async () => {
     if (!canPublish || !asset) return;
     setPublishing(true);
@@ -205,7 +225,15 @@ export default function AssetDetail() {
             : undefined,
         customFields: currentPub.customFields ?? {},
       };
-      await publishAssetPublication(userName as string, asset.name, pub);
+      const privateGroupId =
+        pub.privateAsset && Number.isFinite(pub.privateGroupId)
+          ? Number(pub.privateGroupId)
+          : pub.privateAsset && normalizedPrimary?.id
+            ? Number(normalizedPrimary.id)
+            : undefined;
+      await publishAssetPublication(userName as string, asset.name, pub, {
+        privateGroupId,
+      });
       alert('Publication updated!');
       setAssetPub(pub);
       setHasPendingChanges(false);
@@ -260,6 +288,8 @@ export default function AssetDetail() {
     let cancelled = false;
     (async () => {
       if (!Number.isFinite(id)) return;
+      if (!privacyChecked) return;
+      if (assetPrivacy && !canViewAsset(assetPrivacy, memberGroupIds)) return;
 
       try {
         // 1) Try sync cache
@@ -350,7 +380,9 @@ export default function AssetDetail() {
         // Publication
         try {
           if (iname) {
-            const pub = await fetchAssetPublication(iname, mini.name);
+            const pub = await fetchAssetPublication(iname, mini.name, mini.assetId, {
+              preferPrivate: assetPrivacy?.isPrivate,
+            });
             if (!cancelled) setAssetPub(pub);
           }
         } catch {
@@ -364,7 +396,7 @@ export default function AssetDetail() {
     return () => {
       cancelled = true;
     };
-  }, [id]);
+  }, [id, privacyChecked, assetPrivacy, memberGroupIds]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     setPrimaryForm(
@@ -430,6 +462,30 @@ export default function AssetDetail() {
 
   if (!asset) return <Typography>Loading asset...</Typography>;
 
+  const loadingGroupsCombined = groupsLoading || memberGroupsLoading;
+
+  if (loadingGroupsCombined || !privacyChecked) {
+    return (
+      <Box display="flex" justifyContent="center" py={6}>
+        <CircularProgress />
+      </Box>
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (assetPrivacy && !canViewAsset(assetPrivacy, memberGroupIds)) {
+    return (
+      <Box sx={{ p: { xs: 2, md: 3 } }}>
+        <Paper sx={{ p: 3 }}>
+          <Typography variant="h6">Private asset</Typography>
+          <Typography variant="body2" color="text.secondary" sx={{ mt: 1 }}>
+            You must be a member of group
+            {assetPrivacy.groupId ? ` #${assetPrivacy.groupId}` : ''} to view this asset’s details.
+          </Typography>
+        </Paper>
+      </Box>
+    );
+  }
+
   return (
     <PageContainer>
       {/* Header row: title + (left info, right actions) */}
@@ -804,6 +860,8 @@ export default function AssetDetail() {
             assetId={asset.assetId}
             primaryGroupId={parseInt(String(assetPub?.primaryGroup?.id || ''), 10)}
             issuerName={issuerName}
+            isPrivate={assetPrivacy?.isPrivate}
+            privateGroupId={assetPrivacy?.groupId}
             isIssuer={!!canPublish}
           />
         </Grid>
diff --git a/src/pages/AssetExplorer.tsx b/src/pages/AssetExplorer.tsx
index 1c4a1e4..7bf30c8 100644
--- a/src/pages/AssetExplorer.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/AssetExplorer.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useEffect, useState, useMemo } from 'react';
+import { useEffect, useState, useMemo, useCallback } from 'react';
 import { getAssetBalances } from '../utils/qortalAssetRequests';
 import {
   Typography,
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ import { useExplorerStats } from '../explorerStats/useExplorerStats';
 import { TRADE_FETCH_N } from '../explorerStats/types';
 import { usePrimaryGroupId } from '../utils/usePrimaryGroupId';
 import { loadStats } from '../explorerStats/storage';
+import { useMemberGroupIds } from '../hooks/useMemberGroupIds';
+import { canViewAsset, getAssetPrivacy, type AssetPrivacy } from '../utils/assetPrivacy';
 
 export interface Asset {
   assetId: number;
@@ -195,8 +197,10 @@ const AssetExplorer = () => {
   const [sortKey, setSortKey] = useState<SortKey>('volume');
   const [sortDir, setSortDir] = useState<SortDir>('desc');
   const [visibleCount, setVisibleCount] = useState(PAGE_SIZE);
+  const [privacyMap, setPrivacyMap] = useState<Record<number, AssetPrivacy>>({});
 
   const theme = useTheme();
+  const { memberGroupIds, loading: groupsLoading } = useMemberGroupIds();
   const { address: userAddress } = useAuth();
 
   const [tick, setTick] = useState(0);
@@ -205,65 +209,114 @@ const AssetExplorer = () => {
     return () => clearInterval(id);
   }, []);
 
-  const sortedAssets = useMemo(() => {
-    const copy = [...assets];
-
-    const getVolume = (assetId: number) => {
-      // Read from local cache written by useExplorerStats
-      const s = loadStats(assetId);
-      // push unknown volumes to the end: use -1 sentinel
-      return s?.qortVolLastN ?? -1;
-    };
-
-    const getCirculating = (a: EnrichedAsset) =>
-      typeof a.circulating === 'number' ? a.circulating : Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
-
-    copy.sort((a, b) => {
-      let av: number | string;
-      let bv: number | string;
-
-      switch (sortKey) {
-        case 'name':
-          av = a.name.toLowerCase();
-          bv = b.name.toLowerCase();
-          break;
-        case 'assetId':
-          av = a.assetId;
-          bv = b.assetId;
-          break;
-        case 'circulating':
-          av = getCirculating(a);
-          bv = getCirculating(b);
-          break;
-        case 'volume':
-        default:
-          av = getVolume(a.assetId);
-          bv = getVolume(b.assetId);
-          break;
-      }
-
-      let cmp: number;
-      if (typeof av === 'string' && typeof bv === 'string') {
-        cmp = av.localeCompare(bv);
-      } else {
-        cmp = (Number(av) || 0) - (Number(bv) || 0);
-      }
-
-      return sortDir === 'asc' ? cmp : -cmp;
+  const viewableAssets = useMemo(() => {
+    return assets.filter((a) => {
+      if (a.assetId <= 2) return true;
+      const privacy = privacyMap[a.assetId];
+      if (!privacy) return false; // hide until privacy resolved
+      return canViewAsset(privacy, memberGroupIds);
     });
+  }, [assets, privacyMap, memberGroupIds]);
 
-    return copy;
-    // include tick so list can update as stats land
-  }, [assets, sortKey, sortDir, tick]);
+  const publicAssets = useMemo(
+    () => viewableAssets.filter((a) => !privacyMap[a.assetId]?.isPrivate),
+    [viewableAssets, privacyMap]
+  );
+
+  const privateAssets = useMemo(
+    () => viewableAssets.filter((a) => privacyMap[a.assetId]?.isPrivate),
+    [viewableAssets, privacyMap]
+  );
+
+  const sortAssets = useCallback(
+    (list: EnrichedAsset[]) => {
+      const copy = [...list];
+
+      const getVolume = (assetId: number) => {
+        const s = loadStats(assetId);
+        return s?.qortVolLastN ?? -1;
+      };
+      const getCirculating = (a: EnrichedAsset) =>
+        typeof a.circulating === 'number' ? a.circulating : Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
+
+      copy.sort((a, b) => {
+        let av: number | string;
+        let bv: number | string;
+
+        switch (sortKey) {
+          case 'name':
+            av = a.name.toLowerCase();
+            bv = b.name.toLowerCase();
+            break;
+          case 'assetId':
+            av = a.assetId;
+            bv = b.assetId;
+            break;
+          case 'circulating':
+            av = getCirculating(a);
+            bv = getCirculating(b);
+            break;
+          case 'volume':
+          default:
+            av = getVolume(a.assetId);
+            bv = getVolume(b.assetId);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        let cmp: number;
+        if (typeof av === 'string' && typeof bv === 'string') {
+          cmp = av.localeCompare(bv);
+        } else {
+          cmp = (Number(av) || 0) - (Number(bv) || 0);
+        }
+
+        return sortDir === 'asc' ? cmp : -cmp;
+      });
+
+      return copy;
+    },
+    [sortDir, sortKey, tick]
+  );
+
+  const sortedPublicAssets = useMemo(() => sortAssets(publicAssets), [publicAssets, sortAssets]);
+  const sortedPrivateAssets = useMemo(() => sortAssets(privateAssets), [privateAssets, sortAssets]);
 
   const displayAssets = useMemo(
-    () => sortedAssets.slice(0, Math.min(visibleCount, sortedAssets.length)),
-    [sortedAssets, visibleCount]
+    () => sortedPublicAssets.slice(0, Math.min(visibleCount, sortedPublicAssets.length)),
+    [sortedPublicAssets, visibleCount]
   );
 
   useEffect(() => {
     setVisibleCount(PAGE_SIZE);
-  }, [assets.length, sortKey, sortDir]);
+  }, [sortedPublicAssets.length, sortKey, sortDir]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const missing = assets.filter((a) => a.assetId > 2 && !privacyMap[a.assetId]);
+    if (!missing.length) return;
+    let cancelled = false;
+    const limit = pLimit(6);
+    (async () => {
+      const results = await Promise.all(
+        missing.map((a) =>
+          limit(async () => {
+            const priv = await getAssetPrivacy(a.assetId);
+            return [a.assetId, priv] as const;
+          })
+        )
+      );
+      if (cancelled) return;
+      setPrivacyMap((prev) => {
+        const next = { ...prev };
+        for (const [id, priv] of results) {
+          next[id] = priv;
+        }
+        return next;
+      });
+    })();
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, [assets, privacyMap]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const handleScroll = () => {
@@ -271,13 +324,15 @@ const AssetExplorer = () => {
         window.innerHeight + window.scrollY >= document.body.offsetHeight - SCROLL_THRESHOLD_PX;
       if (nearBottom) {
         setVisibleCount((prev) =>
-          prev >= sortedAssets.length ? prev : Math.min(prev + PAGE_SIZE, sortedAssets.length)
+          prev >= sortedPublicAssets.length
+            ? prev
+            : Math.min(prev + PAGE_SIZE, sortedPublicAssets.length)
         );
       }
     };
     window.addEventListener('scroll', handleScroll, { passive: true });
     return () => window.removeEventListener('scroll', handleScroll);
-  }, [sortedAssets.length]);
+  }, [sortedPublicAssets.length]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     async function loadAssets() {
@@ -410,9 +465,10 @@ const AssetExplorer = () => {
   }, [displayAssets]);
 
   // inside your component render
+  const overallLoading = loading || groupsLoading;
   return (
     <Box sx={{ p: { xs: 1.25, sm: 2 } }}>
-      {loading ? (
+      {overallLoading ? (
         <Box display="flex" justifyContent="center" py={8}>
           <CircularProgress />
         </Box>
@@ -667,11 +723,133 @@ const AssetExplorer = () => {
               );
             })}
           </Box>
-          {visibleCount < sortedAssets.length && (
+          {sortedPrivateAssets.length > 0 && (
+            <Box sx={{ mt: 4 }}>
+              <Typography variant="h6" sx={{ mb: 1 }}>
+                Private Assets (accessible via your groups)
+              </Typography>
+              <Box
+                sx={{
+                  display: 'grid',
+                  gridTemplateColumns: {
+                    xs: '1fr',
+                    sm: 'repeat(auto-fit, minmax(30rem, 1fr))',
+                  },
+                  gap: 2,
+                }}
+              >
+                {sortedPrivateAssets.map((asset) => {
+                  const balance = balances[asset.assetId] || 0;
+                  const isOwned = !!userAddress && asset.owner === userAddress;
+                  const bgColor = isOwned
+                    ? theme.palette.secondary.dark
+                    : balance > 0
+                      ? theme.palette.primary.dark
+                      : theme.palette.grey[900];
+                  const textColor = theme.palette.getContrastText(bgColor);
+                  const borderColor = isOwned ? 'limegreen' : balance > 0 ? '#1e90ff' : 'orange';
+
+                  return (
+                    <Link
+                      key={asset.assetId}
+                      to={`/assets/${asset.assetId}`}
+                      style={{ textDecoration: 'none' }}
+                    >
+                      <Paper
+                        elevation={5}
+                        sx={{
+                          overflow: 'hidden',
+                          p: { xs: 1.25, sm: 1.5 },
+                          height: '100%',
+                          backgroundColor: bgColor,
+                          color: textColor,
+                          borderLeft: `4px solid ${borderColor}`,
+                          display: 'flex',
+                          flexDirection: { xs: 'column', sm: 'row' },
+                          alignItems: 'stretch',
+                          gap: { xs: 1, sm: 1.25 },
+                          flexWrap: 'noWrap',
+                        }}
+                      >
+                        <Box sx={{ flex: '1 1 0', minWidth: 0 }}>
+                          <Typography variant="h4" fontWeight={800} color="warning.light">
+                            {asset.name}
+                          </Typography>
+                          <Typography
+                            variant="body2"
+                            sx={{
+                              mb: 1.25,
+                              display: '-webkit-box',
+                              WebkitBoxOrient: 'vertical',
+                              WebkitLineClamp: { xs: 3, sm: 3, md: 3 },
+                              overflow: 'hidden',
+                              textOverflow: 'ellipsis',
+                              wordBreak: 'break-word',
+                            }}
+                          >
+                            {asset.description || 'No description'}
+                          </Typography>
+                          <Typography variant="caption" color="warning.main">
+                            Private asset — visible because you belong to its group
+                          </Typography>
+                          {balance > 0 && (
+                            <Box sx={{ mt: 0.5 }}>
+                              <Typography
+                                variant="subtitle1"
+                                color="secondary.light"
+                                component="span"
+                                fontWeight={700}
+                              >
+                                You Hold:{' '}
+                              </Typography>
+                              <Typography component="span" color="success.contrastText">
+                                {formatAssetAmount(balance, asset.isDivisible)}
+                              </Typography>
+                            </Box>
+                          )}
+                        </Box>
+                        <Box
+                          sx={{
+                            flex: { xs: '0 0 auto', sm: '0 0 auto' },
+                            alignSelf: 'center',
+                            width: { xs: 'min(70%, 220px)', sm: 'clamp(140px, 18vw, 180px)' },
+                            aspectRatio: '1 / 1',
+                            borderRadius: '999px',
+                            overflow: 'hidden',
+                            display: 'grid',
+                            placeItems: 'center',
+                            mx: { sm: 1 },
+                          }}
+                        >
+                          {avatarMap[asset.assetId] ? (
+                            <img
+                              loading="lazy"
+                              src={avatarMap[asset.assetId]!}
+                              alt={`${asset.name} Avatar`}
+                              style={{
+                                width: '100%',
+                                height: '100%',
+                                objectFit: 'cover',
+                                display: 'block',
+                              }}
+                              onError={(e) => (e.currentTarget.style.display = 'none')}
+                            />
+                          ) : (
+                            <div style={{ width: '100%', height: '100%', opacity: 0.5 }} />
+                          )}
+                        </Box>
+                      </Paper>
+                    </Link>
+                  );
+                })}
+              </Box>
+            </Box>
+          )}
+          {visibleCount < sortedPublicAssets.length && (
             <Box display="flex" justifyContent="center" mt={2}>
               <button
                 onClick={() =>
-                  setVisibleCount((prev) => Math.min(prev + PAGE_SIZE, sortedAssets.length))
+                  setVisibleCount((prev) => Math.min(prev + PAGE_SIZE, sortedPublicAssets.length))
                 }
                 style={{
                   padding: '10px 16px',
diff --git a/src/pages/IssueAsset.tsx b/src/pages/IssueAsset.tsx
index 4772e63..b473c50 100644
--- a/src/pages/IssueAsset.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/IssueAsset.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
   Select,
   MenuItem,
   CircularProgress,
+  FormHelperText,
   Chip,
 } from '@mui/material';
 import { useTheme } from '@mui/material';
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ export default function IssueAsset() {
   const [groupIsPrivate, setGroupIsPrivate] = useState(false);
   const [avatarBase64, setAvatarBase64] = useState<string>('');
   // const [newAssetID, setNewAssetID] = useState<number>(0);
+  const [privateAsset, setPrivateAsset] = useState(false);
 
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -106,6 +108,7 @@ export default function IssueAsset() {
     setGroupId('');
     setGroupLink('');
     setGroupIsPrivate(false);
+    setPrivateAsset(false);
     setAttemptedSubmit(false);
     setAvatarBase64('');
     setHtml('');
@@ -139,6 +142,19 @@ export default function IssueAsset() {
     setSuccess(null);
     if (!assetData) setAssetData('None');
 
+    if (privateAsset) {
+      if (!groupId) {
+        setError('Private assets require selecting a private group.');
+        setLoading(false);
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!groupIsPrivate) {
+        setError('Selected group must be private for a private asset.');
+        setLoading(false);
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+
     // Snapshot state so later resetForm() won't overwrite values during async work
     const currentAssetName = assetName;
     const currentDescription = description;
@@ -147,6 +163,10 @@ export default function IssueAsset() {
     const currentUnspendable = isUnspendable;
     const currentAssetData = assetData;
     const currentAvatarBase64 = avatarBase64;
+    const currentPrivateAsset = privateAsset;
+    const parsedGroupId = groupId ? Number(groupId) : NaN;
+    const normalizedPrivateGroupId =
+      currentPrivateAsset && Number.isFinite(parsedGroupId) ? parsedGroupId : undefined;
 
     try {
       const predictedAssetID = await predictAssetID();
@@ -156,6 +176,8 @@ export default function IssueAsset() {
       const publication: AssetPublication = {
         description: currentDescription,
         html,
+        privateAsset: currentPrivateAsset,
+        privateGroupId: normalizedPrivateGroupId,
         primaryGroup: {
           name: groupName,
           id: groupId,
@@ -346,6 +368,29 @@ export default function IssueAsset() {
 
         <Divider sx={{ my: 3 }} />
 
+        {/* Private asset toggle */}
+        <Typography variant="h5" fontWeight={600} color="primary.contrastText">
+          Visibility
+        </Typography>
+        <Typography variant="body2" color="text.secondary" sx={{ mb: 1 }}>
+          Private assets require a private group and will be hidden from public listings.
+        </Typography>
+        <FormControlLabel
+          control={
+            <Checkbox
+              checked={privateAsset}
+              onChange={(e) => setPrivateAsset(e.target.checked)}
+              sx={{
+                color: theme.palette.primary.dark,
+                '&.Mui-checked': { color: theme.palette.info.main },
+              }}
+            />
+          }
+          label="Make this a private asset"
+        />
+
+        <Divider sx={{ my: 3 }} />
+
         {/* Group Info */}
         <Typography variant="h5" fontWeight={600} color="primary.contrastText">
           Asset-Related Group Data
@@ -381,6 +426,7 @@ export default function IssueAsset() {
               if (!match) return value;
               return `${match.groupName} (#${match.groupId}) — ${match.isOpen ? 'Public' : 'Private'}`;
             }}
+            error={privateAsset && attemptedSubmit && (!groupId || !groupIsPrivate)}
           >
             {groupOptions.map((group) => (
               <MenuItem key={group.groupId} value={group.groupId}>
@@ -403,6 +449,15 @@ export default function IssueAsset() {
               <CircularProgress size={20} />
             </Box>
           )}
+          <FormHelperText error={privateAsset && attemptedSubmit && (!groupId || !groupIsPrivate)}>
+            {privateAsset
+              ? !groupId
+                ? 'Private assets must choose a private group.'
+                : groupIsPrivate
+                  ? 'Private group selected.'
+                  : 'Selected group is public; choose a private group.'
+              : 'Primary group for this asset (optional but recommended).'}
+          </FormHelperText>
         </FormControl>
 
         <Divider sx={{ my: 3 }} />
diff --git a/src/pages/TradeMarkets.tsx b/src/pages/TradeMarkets.tsx
index 84c208f..3393bca 100644
--- a/src/pages/TradeMarkets.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/TradeMarkets.tsx
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ import { makeAssetFallbackAvatar } from '../utils/assetAvatarFallback';
 import { fetchQortVolumeLastN } from '../explorerStats/fetchers';
 import { TRADE_FETCH_N } from '../explorerStats/types';
 import { useTheme } from '@mui/material';
+import { useMemberGroupIds } from '../hooks/useMemberGroupIds';
+import { canViewAsset, getAssetPrivacy, type AssetPrivacy } from '../utils/assetPrivacy';
 
 type Row = {
   assetId: number;
@@ -30,6 +32,8 @@ export default function TradeMarkets() {
   type VolInfo = { sum: number; count: number; ts: number };
   const VOL_TTL_MS = 10 * 60 * 1000;
   const theme = useTheme();
+  const { memberGroupIds, loading: groupsLoading } = useMemberGroupIds();
+  const [privacyMap, setPrivacyMap] = useState<Record<number, AssetPrivacy>>({});
 
   const [volumes, setVolumes] = useState<Record<number, VolInfo>>({});
   const [sortKey, setSortKey] = useState<'volume' | 'name' | 'assetId'>('volume');
@@ -45,7 +49,9 @@ export default function TradeMarkets() {
   const writeVolCache = (m: Record<number, VolInfo>) => {
     try {
       localStorage.setItem('marketVolumes', JSON.stringify(m));
-    } catch {}
+    } catch {
+      /* empty */
+    }
   };
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -110,6 +116,32 @@ export default function TradeMarkets() {
     };
   }, []);
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const missing = rows.filter((r) => r.assetId > 2 && !privacyMap[r.assetId]);
+    if (!missing.length) return;
+    let cancelled = false;
+    const limit = pLimit(6);
+    (async () => {
+      const results = await Promise.all(
+        missing.map((r) =>
+          limit(async () => {
+            const priv = await getAssetPrivacy(r.assetId);
+            return [r.assetId, priv] as const;
+          })
+        )
+      );
+      if (cancelled) return;
+      setPrivacyMap((prev) => {
+        const next = { ...prev };
+        for (const [id, priv] of results) next[id] = priv;
+        return next;
+      });
+    })();
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, [rows, privacyMap]);
+
   useEffect(() => {
     let cancelled = false;
     if (rows.length === 0) return;
@@ -155,16 +187,25 @@ export default function TradeMarkets() {
     };
   }, [rows]);
 
+  const viewableRows = useMemo(() => {
+    return rows.filter((r) => {
+      if (r.assetId <= 2) return false; // should not appear anyway
+      const privacy = privacyMap[r.assetId];
+      if (!privacy) return false;
+      return canViewAsset(privacy, memberGroupIds);
+    });
+  }, [rows, privacyMap, memberGroupIds]);
+
   const filtered = useMemo(() => {
     const s = q.trim().toLowerCase();
-    if (!s) return rows;
-    return rows.filter(
+    if (!s) return viewableRows;
+    return viewableRows.filter(
       (r) =>
         r.name.toLowerCase().includes(s) ||
         r.description?.toLowerCase().includes(s) ||
         String(r.assetId).includes(s)
     );
-  }, [rows, q]);
+  }, [viewableRows, q]);
 
   const sorted = useMemo(() => {
     const arr = [...filtered];
@@ -236,7 +277,7 @@ export default function TradeMarkets() {
           </Box>
         </Box>
 
-        {loading && rows.length === 0 ? (
+        {(loading || groupsLoading) && viewableRows.length === 0 ? (
           <Box display="flex" justifyContent="center" py={6}>
             <CircularProgress />
           </Box>
diff --git a/src/pages/TradePair.tsx b/src/pages/TradePair.tsx
index 9af0b54..2f56287 100644
--- a/src/pages/TradePair.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/TradePair.tsx
@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@ import SmartPriceChart from '../components/trade/SmartPriceChart';
 import ActionsToolbar from '../components/asset/ActionsToolbar';
 import { useAlert } from '../components/alerts';
 import { useTheme, useMediaQuery } from '@mui/material';
+import { useMemberGroupIds } from '../hooks/useMemberGroupIds';
+import { getAssetPrivacy, canViewAsset, type AssetPrivacy } from '../utils/assetPrivacy';
 
 export default function TradePair() {
   const { assetId } = useParams<{ assetId: string }>();
@@ -73,6 +75,8 @@ export default function TradePair() {
   const [issuerAddr, setIssuerAddr] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [balAsset, setBalAsset] = useState<number | null>(null);
   const [balQort, setBalQort] = useState<number | null>(null);
+  const [assetPrivacy, setAssetPrivacy] = useState<AssetPrivacy | null>(null);
+  const [privacyChecked, setPrivacyChecked] = useState(false);
   // ---- controls for chart window & bucket
   const [rangeHours, setRangeHours] = useState<number>(720); // set default range hours
   const [bucketMinutes, setBucketMinutes] = useState<number>(60); // 1, 5, 15, 60 etc.
@@ -87,6 +91,12 @@ export default function TradePair() {
   const isXs = useMediaQuery(theme.breakpoints.down('sm'));
 
   const { alert } = useAlert();
+  const { memberGroupIds, loading: groupsLoading } = useMemberGroupIds();
+  const privacyAllowed = useMemo(() => {
+    if (!privacyChecked) return false;
+    if (!assetPrivacy) return true;
+    return canViewAsset(assetPrivacy, memberGroupIds);
+  }, [assetPrivacy, memberGroupIds, privacyChecked]);
 
   const candles = useMemo(() => {
     const lookbackMs = rangeHours * 60 * 60 * 1000;
@@ -139,6 +149,11 @@ export default function TradePair() {
   }
 
   async function refreshBalances() {
+    if (!privacyAllowed) {
+      setBalAsset(null);
+      setBalQort(null);
+      return;
+    }
     if (!authAddress) {
       setBalAsset(null);
       setBalQort(null);
@@ -179,6 +194,26 @@ export default function TradePair() {
   const DP = 8;
   const TEN_DP = 100000000n;
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let cancelled = false;
+    setPrivacyChecked(false);
+    (async () => {
+      try {
+        const priv = await getAssetPrivacy(id);
+        if (cancelled) return;
+        setAssetPrivacy(priv);
+        setPrivacyChecked(true);
+      } catch {
+        if (cancelled) return;
+        setAssetPrivacy({ isPrivate: false });
+        setPrivacyChecked(true);
+      }
+    })();
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, [id]);
+
   function decimalToAtomics(s: string, dp = DP): bigint {
     const m = s.trim().match(/^(\d+)(?:\.(\d{0,18}))?$/); // allow up to 18 just in case
     if (!m) throw new Error('bad decimal');
@@ -292,6 +327,10 @@ export default function TradePair() {
   }
 
   const refreshMarket = useCallback(async () => {
+    if (!privacyAllowed) {
+      setLoading(false);
+      return;
+    }
     try {
       setLoading(true);
 
@@ -393,9 +432,13 @@ export default function TradePair() {
     } finally {
       setLoading(false);
     }
-  }, [id, authAddress, divisible]);
+  }, [id, authAddress, divisible, privacyAllowed]);
 
   const refreshMyFills = useCallback(async () => {
+    if (!privacyAllowed) {
+      setMyFills([]);
+      return;
+    }
     if (!authAddress) {
       setMyFills([]);
       return;
@@ -419,7 +462,7 @@ export default function TradePair() {
       console.debug('[fills] error', e);
       setMyFills([]);
     }
-  }, [authAddress, authPublicKey, id]);
+  }, [authAddress, authPublicKey, id, privacyAllowed]);
 
   useMarketConfirmRefresh({
     assetId: id,
@@ -438,7 +481,11 @@ export default function TradePair() {
     let cancelled = false;
     (async () => {
       try {
-        if (!cancelled) {
+        if (!cancelled && privacyChecked) {
+          if (!privacyAllowed) {
+            setLoading(false);
+            return;
+          }
           await refreshMarket();
           await refreshBalances();
           await refreshMyFills();
@@ -450,7 +497,7 @@ export default function TradePair() {
     return () => {
       cancelled = true;
     };
-  }, []);
+  }, [privacyAllowed, privacyChecked, refreshMarket, refreshBalances, refreshMyFills]);
 
   // ----- Place order state
   const [side, setSide] = useState<'buy' | 'sell'>('buy');
@@ -621,6 +668,28 @@ export default function TradePair() {
     return balAsset != null && needAsset > (balAsset ?? 0);
   }, [side, needQort, needAsset, balQort, balAsset, authAddress]);
 
+  if (groupsLoading || !privacyChecked) {
+    return (
+      <Box display="flex" justifyContent="center" py={6}>
+        <CircularProgress />
+      </Box>
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (privacyChecked && assetPrivacy && !privacyAllowed) {
+    return (
+      <Box sx={{ p: { xs: 2, md: 3 } }}>
+        <Paper sx={{ p: 3 }}>
+          <Typography variant="h6">Private asset</Typography>
+          <Typography variant="body2" color="text.secondary" sx={{ mt: 1 }}>
+            You must be a member of group
+            {assetPrivacy.groupId ? ` #${assetPrivacy.groupId}` : ''} to view and trade this asset.
+          </Typography>
+        </Paper>
+      </Box>
+    );
+  }
+
   return (
     <Box
       sx={{
diff --git a/src/pages/manage/data/DataExplorer.tsx b/src/pages/manage/data/DataExplorer.tsx
index bf526ac..bad6858 100644
--- a/src/pages/manage/data/DataExplorer.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/manage/data/DataExplorer.tsx
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ import {
 } from '../../../constants/qdeckIdentifiers';
 import { collectRecipientPublicKeys } from '../../../utils/qdeckAccess';
 import { getAccountGroups, type GroupSummary } from '../../../utils/qortalApi';
-import { useAuth } from 'qapp-core';
+import { useAuth, VideoPlayer } from 'qapp-core';
 import type { Service } from 'qapp-core';
 import {
   MANIFEST_IDENTIFIER,
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ type PreviewDialogState = {
   title?: string;
   content?: string;
   dataUrl?: string;
-  type?: 'text' | 'binary' | 'image';
+  type?: 'text' | 'binary' | 'image' | 'video';
   error?: string;
   loading?: boolean;
   steps: PreviewStep[];
@@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ const createPreviewDialogState = (): PreviewDialogState => ({
 });
 
 const PUBLISH_MODE_STORAGE_KEY = 'qassets_publish_mode_preference_v1';
+type ManifestLoadState = 'idle' | 'loading' | 'success' | 'missing';
 
 const SERVICE_OPTIONS = ALL_QDN_SERVICES;
 const PENDING_FOLDERS_KEY = 'qassets_data_pending_folders_v1';
@@ -346,14 +347,18 @@ const detectMimeFromBase64 = (base64: string, fallback: string) => {
 
 const hasPrivateMagicPrefix = (base64: string) => base64.startsWith(PRIVATE_MAGIC_B64);
 
-const applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded = (base64: string, service?: string) => {
-  if (isPrivateService(service)) console.log('private service:', service);
+type EncryptionMode = 'group' | 'direct' | null | undefined;
+
+const applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded = (base64: string, service?: string, mode?: EncryptionMode) => {
+  if (!isPrivateService(service)) return base64;
+  if (mode !== 'group') return base64;
   return hasPrivateMagicPrefix(base64) ? base64 : addPrivateMagic(base64);
 };
 
-const stripPrivateMagicIfNeeded = (base64: string, _service?: string) => {
-  console.log(_service);
-  return stripPrivateMagic(base64);
+const stripPrivateMagicIfNeeded = (base64: string, service?: string, mode?: EncryptionMode) => {
+  if (!isPrivateService(service)) return base64;
+  if (mode !== 'group') return base64;
+  return hasPrivateMagicPrefix(base64) ? stripPrivateMagic(base64) : base64;
 };
 
 const resolveMimeForResource = (
@@ -511,7 +516,7 @@ async function decryptPrivateBase64(
     mode = 'direct';
   }
 
-  const encryptedPayload = stripPrivateMagicIfNeeded(encryptedWithMagic, resource.service);
+  const encryptedPayload = stripPrivateMagicIfNeeded(encryptedWithMagic, resource.service, mode);
 
   // Always try direct decrypt first (covers NODE-inserted metadata-less items)
   try {
@@ -889,6 +894,7 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
   const [previewDialog, setPreviewDialog] = useState<PreviewDialogState>(
     createPreviewDialogState()
   );
+  const previewVideoRef = useRef<HTMLVideoElement | null>(null);
   const [manifestDialog, setManifestDialog] = useState<{
     open: boolean;
     entry: StructuredEntry | null;
@@ -992,6 +998,7 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
   const [manifestPublishing, setManifestPublishing] = useState(false);
   const [manifestError, setManifestError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [manifestRefreshBlockedUntil, setManifestRefreshBlockedUntil] = useState(0);
+  const [manifestLoadState, setManifestLoadState] = useState<ManifestLoadState>('idle');
   const [ignoreManifestCache, setIgnoreManifestCache] = useState(false);
   const [loadingAllPages, setLoadingAllPages] = useState(false);
   const [detectedTypes, setDetectedTypes] = useState<Record<string, string>>({});
@@ -1244,11 +1251,15 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
     }
   }, [pendingFolders, activeName]);
 
-  const applyManifestState = useCallback((doc: ManifestDoc | null, dirty: boolean) => {
-    setManifestDoc(doc);
-    setDetectedTypes(doc?.resourceTypes || {});
-    setManifestDirty(dirty);
-  }, []);
+  const applyManifestState = useCallback(
+    (doc: ManifestDoc | null, dirty: boolean, loadState?: ManifestLoadState) => {
+      setManifestDoc(doc);
+      setDetectedTypes(doc?.resourceTypes || {});
+      setManifestDirty(dirty);
+      if (loadState) setManifestLoadState(loadState);
+    },
+    []
+  );
 
   const fetchManifestDoc = useCallback(async (): Promise<ManifestDoc | null> => {
     if (!activeName) return null;
@@ -1263,7 +1274,7 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
       const data64 = normalizeData64(res);
       if (!data64) return null;
       if (!decrypt) return JSON.parse(base64ToUtf8(data64));
-      const payload = stripPrivateMagicIfNeeded(data64, service);
+      const payload = stripPrivateMagicIfNeeded(data64, service, 'direct');
       const clear = await qortalRequest({
         action: 'DECRYPT_DATA',
         encryptedData: payload,
@@ -1284,10 +1295,11 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
 
   const refreshManifestDoc = useCallback(async () => {
     if (!activeName) {
-      applyManifestState(null, false);
+      applyManifestState(null, false, 'idle');
       return;
     }
     if (Date.now() < manifestRefreshBlockedUntil) return;
+    setManifestLoadState('loading');
     try {
       const doc = await fetchManifestDoc();
       if (
@@ -1296,26 +1308,28 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
         doc.generatedAt &&
         doc.generatedAt <= manifestDoc.generatedAt
       ) {
+        setManifestLoadState('success');
         return;
       }
-      applyManifestState(doc, false);
+      applyManifestState(doc, false, doc ? 'success' : 'missing');
     } catch {
-      applyManifestState(null, true);
+      applyManifestState(null, true, 'missing');
     }
   }, [activeName, fetchManifestDoc, applyManifestState, manifestDoc, manifestRefreshBlockedUntil]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!activeName) {
-      applyManifestState(null, false);
+      applyManifestState(null, false, 'idle');
       return;
     }
     let cancelled = false;
+    setManifestLoadState('loading');
     (async () => {
       try {
         const doc = await fetchManifestDoc();
-        if (!cancelled) applyManifestState(doc, false);
+        if (!cancelled) applyManifestState(doc, false, doc ? 'success' : 'missing');
       } catch {
-        if (!cancelled) applyManifestState(null, true);
+        if (!cancelled) applyManifestState(null, true, 'missing');
       }
     })();
     return () => {
@@ -2235,22 +2249,25 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
     setSharePage(1);
   };
 
-  const handleReload = async () => {
+  const handleLoadFromNetwork = async () => {
     await refreshResources();
   };
 
   const handleLoadRemaining = useCallback(async () => {
-    if (!hasMore || resourcesLoading || loadingAllPages) return;
+    if (resourcesLoading || loadingAllPages) return;
     setIgnoreManifestCache(true);
     setLoadingAllPages(true);
     try {
+      if (!rows.length) {
+        await reload();
+      }
       await loadAll();
     } catch {
       // errors surfaced via useQdnResources error state
     } finally {
       setLoadingAllPages(false);
     }
-  }, [hasMore, resourcesLoading, loadingAllPages, loadAll]);
+  }, [resourcesLoading, loadingAllPages, loadAll, reload, rows.length]);
 
   const handlePublishOpen = (variant: 'single' | 'multiple') => {
     if (!activeName) {
@@ -2345,7 +2362,7 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
               isAdmins: groupAdminsOnly,
             });
             const finalService = ensurePrivateService(form.service);
-            const privData64 = applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded(enc, finalService);
+            const privData64 = applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded(enc, finalService, 'group');
             return {
               data64: privData64,
               service: finalService,
@@ -2375,7 +2392,7 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
           });
           const finalService = ensurePrivateService(form.service);
           return {
-            data64: applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded(enc, finalService),
+            data64: applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded(enc, finalService, 'direct'),
             service: finalService,
             metadataExtra: { encrypted: { mode: 'direct', recipients } },
             tagExtra: ['private', 'encrypted:direct'],
@@ -2579,6 +2596,19 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
         return;
       }
 
+      if (loaded.mime.startsWith('video/')) {
+        setPreviewDialog((prev) => ({
+          ...prev,
+          open: true,
+          loading: false,
+          title: getResourceLabel(target),
+          type: 'video',
+          resource: target,
+          zoomed: false,
+        }));
+        return;
+      }
+
       try {
         const text = base64ToUtf8(loaded.base64);
         if (isProbablyText(text)) {
@@ -2811,7 +2841,7 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
           base64: data64,
           publicKeys,
         });
-        const privateData64 = applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded(encrypted, MANIFEST_SERVICE);
+        const privateData64 = applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded(encrypted, MANIFEST_SERVICE, 'direct');
         const metadata = {
           qassetsManifest: { version: 1, visibility: 'private' },
           encrypted: { mode: 'direct', recipients: [publisherAddress] },
@@ -2829,8 +2859,7 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
           },
         ]);
         setManifestRefreshBlockedUntil(Date.now() + MANIFEST_REFRESH_COOLDOWN);
-        setManifestDoc(manifestPayload);
-        setManifestDirty(false);
+        applyManifestState(manifestPayload, false, 'success');
       } catch (e: any) {
         setManifestError(e?.message || 'Manifest publish failed');
       } finally {
@@ -2844,6 +2873,7 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
       publishResources,
       resolvePublisherAddress,
       flushPendingPublishRequests,
+      applyManifestState,
     ]
   );
 
@@ -2926,7 +2956,7 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
             isAdmins: false,
           });
           const service = ensurePrivateService(resource.service);
-          const privData = applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded(enc, service);
+          const privData = applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded(enc, service, 'group');
           shareRequests.push({
             name: publisherName,
             service,
@@ -2967,7 +2997,7 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
             publicKeys,
           });
           const service = ensurePrivateService(resource.service);
-          const privData = applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded(enc, service);
+          const privData = applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded(enc, service, 'direct');
           shareRequests.push({
             name: publisherName,
             service,
@@ -3706,7 +3736,10 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
                 </Button>
                 <Tooltip title="Refresh current folder">
                   <span>
-                    <IconButton onClick={handleReload} disabled={!activeName || resourcesLoading}>
+                    <IconButton
+                      onClick={handleLoadFromNetwork}
+                      disabled={!activeName || resourcesLoading}
+                    >
                       <RefreshRoundedIcon />
                     </IconButton>
                   </span>
@@ -3760,6 +3793,16 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
                   {loadingAllPages ? 'Loading…' : 'Load remaining'}
                 </Button>
               )}
+              {activeName && manifestLoadState === 'success' && (
+                <Button
+                  variant="contained"
+                  color="primary"
+                  onClick={handleLoadFromNetwork}
+                  disabled={resourcesLoading || loadingAllPages}
+                >
+                  {loadingAllPages ? 'Loading…' : 'Load from network'}
+                </Button>
+              )}
             </Stack>
 
             {manifestBoundaryReached && hasMore && !ignoreManifestCache && (
@@ -3769,7 +3812,9 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
                 action={
                   <Button
                     size="small"
-                    onClick={handleLoadRemaining}
+                    variant="contained"
+                    color="primary"
+                    onClick={handleLoadFromNetwork}
                     disabled={resourcesLoading || loadingAllPages}
                   >
                     {loadingAllPages ? 'Loading…' : 'Load from network'}
@@ -4977,6 +5022,24 @@ export default function DataExplorer() {
               }}
             />
           )}
+          {previewDialog.type === 'video' && previewDialog.resource && (
+            <Box
+              sx={{
+                width: '100%',
+                maxWidth: '100%',
+                height: previewDialog.expanded ? '70vh' : 420,
+              }}
+            >
+              <VideoPlayer
+                videoRef={previewVideoRef}
+                qortalVideoResource={{
+                  service: previewDialog.resource.service as any,
+                  name: previewDialog.resource.name,
+                  identifier: previewDialog.resource.identifier,
+                }}
+              />
+            </Box>
+          )}
           {previewDialog.type === 'binary' && (
             <Typography variant="body2">{previewDialog.content}</Typography>
           )}
diff --git a/src/pages/manage/data/hooks/useResolveResourceBase64.ts b/src/pages/manage/data/hooks/useResolveResourceBase64.ts
index 5de68d0..2555b8d 100644
--- a/src/pages/manage/data/hooks/useResolveResourceBase64.ts
+++ b/src/pages/manage/data/hooks/useResolveResourceBase64.ts
@@ -12,14 +12,26 @@ declare function qortalRequest<T = any>(req: any): Promise<T>;
 
 export const hasPrivateMagicPrefix = (base64: string) => base64.startsWith(PRIVATE_MAGIC_B64);
 
-export const applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded = (base64: string, service?: string) => {
-  if (isPrivateService(service)) return base64;
+type EncryptionMode = 'group' | 'direct' | null | undefined;
+
+export const applyPrivateMagicIfNeeded = (
+  base64: string,
+  service?: string,
+  mode?: EncryptionMode
+) => {
+  if (!isPrivateService(service)) return base64;
+  if (mode !== 'group') return base64;
   return hasPrivateMagicPrefix(base64) ? base64 : addPrivateMagic(base64);
 };
 
-export const stripPrivateMagicIfNeeded = (base64: string, _service?: string) => {
-  console.log('removing private magic', base64, 'from service (if passed)', _service);
-  return stripPrivateMagic(base64);
+export const stripPrivateMagicIfNeeded = (
+  base64: string,
+  service?: string,
+  mode?: EncryptionMode
+) => {
+  if (!isPrivateService(service)) return base64;
+  if (mode !== 'group') return base64;
+  return hasPrivateMagicPrefix(base64) ? stripPrivateMagic(base64) : base64;
 };
 
 type GroupDecryptAttempt = {
@@ -135,7 +147,7 @@ async function decryptPrivateBase64(
     mode = 'direct';
   }
 
-  const encryptedPayload = stripPrivateMagicIfNeeded(encryptedWithMagic, resource.service);
+  const encryptedPayload = stripPrivateMagicIfNeeded(encryptedWithMagic, resource.service, mode);
 
   try {
     const direct = await qortalRequest({
diff --git a/src/state/publishQueue.ts b/src/state/publishQueue.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5616fb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/state/publishQueue.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+import { useSyncExternalStore } from 'react';
+import { BatchPublishResource } from '../utils/useQdnBatchPublisher';
+import {
+  PublishJobProgress,
+  PublishThrottleContext,
+  publishResourcesWithProgress,
+  PublishJobError,
+} from '../utils/qdnProgressivePublisher';
+
+type PublishQueueJobBase = {
+  id: string;
+  label?: string;
+  createdAt: number;
+  status: 'pending' | 'running' | 'completed' | 'error';
+  progress: PublishJobProgress | null;
+  error?: string;
+};
+
+export type PublishThrottleState = {
+  context: PublishThrottleContext;
+  secondsLeft: number;
+  resume: () => void;
+  cancel: () => void;
+};
+
+type QdnJobPayload = {
+  kind: 'qdn';
+  resources: BatchPublishResource[];
+  chunkSize?: number;
+  throttleDelayMs?: number;
+};
+
+type QmailJobPayload = {
+  kind: 'qmail';
+  resources: BatchPublishResource[];
+  chunkSize?: number;
+  throttleDelayMs?: number;
+  fallbackPublicKeys: string[];
+  identifierKeyMap: Record<string, string>;
+  chunkTimeoutPerResourceMs?: number;
+};
+
+type PublishQueueJob = PublishQueueJobBase & {
+  payload: QdnJobPayload | QmailJobPayload;
+  throttle: PublishThrottleState | null;
+  completionPromise: Promise<void>;
+  resolveCompletion: () => void;
+  rejectCompletion: (error: Error) => void;
+};
+
+type PersistedJob = {
+  id: string;
+  label?: string;
+  createdAt: number;
+  payload: QdnJobPayload | QmailJobPayload;
+};
+
+type PublishQueueSnapshot = {
+  jobs: PublishQueueJob[];
+  activeJobId?: string;
+};
+
+const STORAGE_KEY = 'qassets_publish_queue_v1';
+
+const listeners = new Set<() => void>();
+const hasWindow = typeof window !== 'undefined';
+
+const isQmailPayload = (payload: QdnJobPayload | QmailJobPayload): payload is QmailJobPayload =>
+  payload.kind === 'qmail';
+
+const createQueueJob = (
+  payload: QdnJobPayload | QmailJobPayload,
+  meta?: {
+    id?: string;
+    label?: string;
+    createdAt?: number;
+    status?: PublishQueueJob['status'];
+  }
+): PublishQueueJob => {
+  let resolveCompletion!: () => void;
+  let rejectCompletion!: (error: Error) => void;
+  const completionPromise = new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+    resolveCompletion = resolve;
+    rejectCompletion = reject;
+  });
+
+  return {
+    id: meta?.id ?? generateId(),
+    label: meta?.label,
+    createdAt: meta?.createdAt ?? Date.now(),
+    status: meta?.status ?? 'pending',
+    progress: null,
+    throttle: null,
+    payload,
+    completionPromise,
+    resolveCompletion,
+    rejectCompletion,
+  };
+};
+
+const createSnapshot = (): PublishQueueSnapshot => ({
+  jobs: [],
+  activeJobId: undefined,
+});
+
+const snapshot: PublishQueueSnapshot = createSnapshot();
+
+let processing = false;
+
+const notify = () => {
+  listeners.forEach((listener) => listener());
+};
+
+const persist = () => {
+  if (!hasWindow) return;
+  try {
+    const serializable = snapshot.jobs
+      .filter((job) => job.status === 'pending')
+      .map((job) => ({
+        id: job.id,
+        label: job.label,
+        createdAt: job.createdAt,
+        payload: job.payload,
+      }));
+    window.localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_KEY, JSON.stringify(serializable));
+  } catch {
+    /* ignore */
+  }
+};
+
+const loadPersistedJobs = () => {
+  if (!hasWindow) return;
+  try {
+    const raw = window.localStorage.getItem(STORAGE_KEY);
+    if (!raw) return;
+    const parsed = JSON.parse(raw);
+    if (!Array.isArray(parsed)) return;
+    parsed.forEach((item: PersistedJob) => {
+      if (!item || typeof item !== 'object' || !Array.isArray(item.payload?.resources)) return;
+      const job = createQueueJob(item.payload, {
+        id: item.id,
+        label: item.label,
+        createdAt: item.createdAt || Date.now(),
+      });
+      snapshot.jobs.push(job);
+    });
+  } catch {
+    /* ignore */
+  }
+};
+
+const generateId = () => `job-${Date.now().toString(36)}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2, 8)}`;
+
+const updateJob = (jobId: string, updater: (job: PublishQueueJob) => void) => {
+  const job = snapshot.jobs.find((j) => j.id === jobId);
+  if (!job) return;
+  updater(job);
+  notify();
+};
+
+const cleanupJob = (jobId: string) => {
+  const idx = snapshot.jobs.findIndex((j) => j.id === jobId);
+  if (idx >= 0) {
+    snapshot.jobs.splice(idx, 1);
+  }
+  if (snapshot.activeJobId === jobId) {
+    snapshot.activeJobId = undefined;
+  }
+  persist();
+  notify();
+};
+
+const startNextJob = async () => {
+  if (processing) return;
+  processing = true;
+  try {
+    while (true) {
+      const nextJob = snapshot.jobs.find((j) => j.status === 'pending');
+      if (!nextJob) break;
+      await runJob(nextJob);
+    }
+  } finally {
+    processing = false;
+  }
+};
+
+loadPersistedJobs();
+if (snapshot.jobs.length) {
+  startNextJob();
+}
+
+if (snapshot.jobs.length) {
+  startNextJob();
+}
+
+const startThrottleCountdown = (
+  job: PublishQueueJob,
+  ctx: PublishThrottleContext,
+  resolve: (value: boolean) => void
+) => {
+  if (!hasWindow) {
+    resolve(true);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  let resolved = false;
+  const interval = window.setInterval(() => {
+    updateJob(job.id, (target) => {
+      if (!target.throttle) return;
+      const next = target.throttle.secondsLeft - 1;
+      target.throttle = { ...target.throttle, secondsLeft: Math.max(0, next) };
+      if (next <= 0 && !resolved) {
+        resolved = true;
+        window.clearInterval(interval);
+        target.throttle = null;
+        resolve(true);
+      }
+    });
+  }, 1000);
+
+  job.throttle = {
+    context: ctx,
+    secondsLeft: Math.ceil(ctx.delayMs / 1000),
+    resume: () => {
+      if (resolved) return;
+      resolved = true;
+      if (hasWindow) window.clearInterval(interval);
+      updateJob(job.id, (target) => {
+        target.throttle = null;
+      });
+      resolve(true);
+    },
+    cancel: () => {
+      if (resolved) return;
+      resolved = true;
+      if (hasWindow) window.clearInterval(interval);
+      updateJob(job.id, (target) => {
+        target.throttle = null;
+      });
+      resolve(false);
+    },
+  };
+  notify();
+};
+
+const runJob = async (job: PublishQueueJob) => {
+  snapshot.activeJobId = job.id;
+  job.status = 'running';
+  job.progress = null;
+  job.throttle = null;
+  notify();
+
+  const abortController = new AbortController();
+
+  const handleProgress = (progress: PublishJobProgress) => {
+    updateJob(job.id, (target) => {
+      target.progress = progress;
+    });
+  };
+
+  const handleThrottle = (ctx: PublishThrottleContext) =>
+    new Promise<boolean>((resolve) => {
+      updateJob(job.id, (target) => {
+        startThrottleCountdown(target, ctx, resolve);
+      });
+    });
+
+  const execOptions: Parameters<typeof publishResourcesWithProgress>[1] = {
+    chunkSize: job.payload.chunkSize,
+    throttleDelayMs: job.payload.throttleDelayMs,
+    signal: abortController.signal,
+    onProgress: handleProgress,
+    onThrottle: handleThrottle,
+  };
+
+  if (isQmailPayload(job.payload)) {
+    const qmailPayload = job.payload;
+    execOptions.executeChunk = async (chunk) => {
+      const identifierMap = qmailPayload.identifierKeyMap;
+      const chunkKeys = new Set<string>();
+      chunk.forEach((resource) => {
+        const key = identifierMap[resource.identifier];
+        if (key) chunkKeys.add(key);
+      });
+      const keys = chunkKeys.size ? Array.from(chunkKeys) : qmailPayload.fallbackPublicKeys;
+      const perResource = qmailPayload.chunkTimeoutPerResourceMs ?? 12e5;
+      const timeoutMs = Math.max(perResource, chunk.length * perResource);
+      await qortalRequestWithTimeout(
+        {
+          action: 'PUBLISH_MULTIPLE_QDN_RESOURCES',
+          resources: chunk,
+          encrypt: true,
+          publicKeys: keys,
+        },
+        timeoutMs
+      );
+    };
+  }
+
+  try {
+    await publishResourcesWithProgress(
+      {
+        label: job.label,
+        resources: job.payload.resources,
+      },
+      execOptions
+    );
+    job.status = 'completed';
+    job.progress = null;
+    job.resolveCompletion();
+  } catch (error: any) {
+    job.status = 'error';
+    job.error = error instanceof PublishJobError ? error.message : error?.message || String(error);
+    job.rejectCompletion(
+      error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(error?.message || String(error))
+    );
+  } finally {
+    snapshot.activeJobId = undefined;
+    job.progress = null;
+    job.throttle = null;
+    cleanupJob(job.id);
+  }
+};
+
+export const enqueueQdnPublishJob = (params: {
+  label?: string;
+  resources: BatchPublishResource[];
+  chunkSize?: number;
+  throttleDelayMs?: number;
+}) => {
+  if (!params.resources.length) return null;
+  const job = createQueueJob(
+    {
+      kind: 'qdn',
+      resources: params.resources,
+      chunkSize: params.chunkSize,
+      throttleDelayMs: params.throttleDelayMs,
+    },
+    { label: params.label }
+  );
+  snapshot.jobs.push(job);
+  persist();
+  notify();
+  startNextJob();
+  return { id: job.id, completion: job.completionPromise };
+};
+
+export const enqueueQmailPublishJob = (params: {
+  label?: string;
+  resources: BatchPublishResource[];
+  fallbackPublicKeys: string[];
+  identifierKeyMap: Record<string, string>;
+  chunkSize?: number;
+  throttleDelayMs?: number;
+  chunkTimeoutPerResourceMs?: number;
+}) => {
+  if (!params.resources.length) return null;
+  const job = createQueueJob(
+    {
+      kind: 'qmail',
+      resources: params.resources,
+      chunkSize: params.chunkSize,
+      throttleDelayMs: params.throttleDelayMs,
+      fallbackPublicKeys: params.fallbackPublicKeys,
+      identifierKeyMap: params.identifierKeyMap,
+      chunkTimeoutPerResourceMs: params.chunkTimeoutPerResourceMs,
+    },
+    { label: params.label }
+  );
+  snapshot.jobs.push(job);
+  persist();
+  notify();
+  startNextJob();
+  return { id: job.id, completion: job.completionPromise };
+};
+
+export const usePublishQueue = () =>
+  useSyncExternalStore(
+    (listener) => {
+      listeners.add(listener);
+      return () => listeners.delete(listener);
+    },
+    () => snapshot,
+    () => snapshot
+  );
+
+export const resumeThrottledJob = (jobId: string) => {
+  const job = snapshot.jobs.find((j) => j.id === jobId);
+  job?.throttle?.resume();
+};
+
+export const cancelThrottledJob = (jobId: string) => {
+  const job = snapshot.jobs.find((j) => j.id === jobId);
+  job?.throttle?.cancel();
+};
diff --git a/src/types/AssetPublicationMetadata.ts b/src/types/AssetPublicationMetadata.ts
index 4527c3f..1b300d6 100644
--- a/src/types/AssetPublicationMetadata.ts
+++ b/src/types/AssetPublicationMetadata.ts
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ export type DividendPeriod = '1W' | '2W' | '1M' | '3M' | '6M' | '1Y';
 export interface AssetPublication {
   description?: string;
   html?: string; // rendered in a rich display section
+  privateAsset?: boolean; // opt-in private asset flag
+  privateGroupId?: number; // group that gates private content/visibility
   genesisPostId?: string; // ID or identifier to a BLOG_POST
   primaryGroup?: {
     name: string;
@@ -47,6 +49,7 @@ export function normalizePublication(pub?: AssetPublication): AssetPublication {
   const p: AssetPublication = { ...(pub ?? {}) };
   if (p.dividends == null) p.dividends = false;
   if (p.dividends && !isValidDividendPeriod(p.dividendPeriod)) p.dividendPeriod = '1M';
+  if (p.privateAsset == null) p.privateAsset = false;
   return p;
 }
 export function isValidDividendPeriod(x: any): x is DividendPeriod {
diff --git a/src/utils/assetPrivacy.ts b/src/utils/assetPrivacy.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..527d6f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/assetPrivacy.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import { resolveAssetPublicationById } from './resolveAssetPublication';
+
+export type AssetPrivacy = { isPrivate: boolean; groupId?: number };
+
+const cache = new Map<number, AssetPrivacy>();
+
+export async function getAssetPrivacy(assetId: number): Promise<AssetPrivacy> {
+  if (assetId <= 2) return { isPrivate: false };
+  if (cache.has(assetId)) return cache.get(assetId)!;
+
+  try {
+    const { publication } = await resolveAssetPublicationById(assetId);
+    const rawGroup = publication?.privateGroupId ?? publication?.primaryGroup?.id;
+    const groupId =
+      rawGroup != null && Number.isFinite(Number(rawGroup)) ? Number(rawGroup) : undefined;
+    const info: AssetPrivacy = { isPrivate: Boolean(publication?.privateAsset), groupId };
+    cache.set(assetId, info);
+    return info;
+  } catch {
+    const info: AssetPrivacy = { isPrivate: false };
+    cache.set(assetId, info);
+    return info;
+  }
+}
+
+export function canViewAsset(privacy: AssetPrivacy, memberGroupIds: number[]) {
+  if (!privacy.isPrivate) return true;
+  return privacy.groupId != null && memberGroupIds.includes(privacy.groupId);
+}
diff --git a/src/utils/fetchAssetPublication.ts b/src/utils/fetchAssetPublication.ts
index 78b8ea6..64226a5 100644
--- a/src/utils/fetchAssetPublication.ts
+++ b/src/utils/fetchAssetPublication.ts
@@ -1,27 +1,48 @@
 import { getAssetIdentifiers } from '../constants/qdnConstants';
 import { base64ToObject } from './data';
 import type { AssetPublication } from '../types/AssetPublicationMetadata';
+import { stripPrivateMagic } from '../constants/qdeckIdentifiers';
 
 export const fetchAssetPublication = async (
   name: string,
   assetName: string,
-  assetId?: number
+  assetId?: number,
+  opts?: { preferPrivate?: boolean }
 ): Promise<AssetPublication | null> => {
   const publishInfo = await getAssetIdentifiers(assetName, assetId);
 
-  // Try correct, ID-based identifier first
-  try {
-    const pub = await qortalRequest({
+  const tryFetch = async (service: any, identifier: string, isPrivate: boolean) => {
+    const res = await qortalRequest({
       action: 'FETCH_QDN_RESOURCE',
       name,
-      service: publishInfo.services.genesisPost,
-      identifier: publishInfo.identifiers.genesisPost,
+      service,
+      identifier,
+      encoding: 'base64',
     });
+    const raw = res?.data64 ?? res;
+    const cleaned = isPrivate && typeof raw === 'string' ? stripPrivateMagic(raw) : raw;
+    return base64ToObject(cleaned);
+  };
 
-    return await base64ToObject(pub);
-  } catch {
-    console.warn(`No publication for correct ID ${assetId}. Trying fallback search...`);
+  const tryOrder: Array<{ svc: any; priv: boolean }> = opts?.preferPrivate
+    ? [
+        { svc: 'DOCUMENT_PRIVATE', priv: true },
+        { svc: publishInfo.services.genesisPost, priv: false },
+      ]
+    : [
+        { svc: publishInfo.services.genesisPost, priv: false },
+        { svc: 'DOCUMENT_PRIVATE', priv: true },
+      ];
+
+  for (const attempt of tryOrder) {
+    try {
+      const pub = await tryFetch(attempt.svc, publishInfo.identifiers.genesisPost, attempt.priv);
+      if (pub) return pub;
+    } catch {
+      /* try next */
+    }
   }
+  console.warn(`No publication for correct ID ${assetId}. Trying fallback search...`);
 
   // Fallback: search for anything resembling the asset name
   const results = await qortalRequest({
diff --git a/src/utils/news.ts b/src/utils/news.ts
index 739c962..d45298c 100644
--- a/src/utils/news.ts
+++ b/src/utils/news.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ import { stripHtml, extractTitleFromHtml, isManagementAdminPublisher } from './n
 import { loadAnnouncementApprovalDoc } from './announcementApprovals';
 import { getNewsPromoExpiryDays, publisherHasPermission } from './managementManifest';
 import { base64ToObject, base64ToUtf8 } from './data';
-import { getCached, setCached } from './cache';
+import { getCached, setCached, invalidateByPrefix } from './cache';
+import { resolveAssetPublicationById } from './resolveAssetPublication';
 
 async function canPublishAnnouncement(publisher: string): Promise<boolean> {
   try {
@@ -54,10 +55,15 @@ const decodeAnnouncementResource = async (data64?: string | null) => {
   return null;
 };
 
-type FetchNewsOptions = { includeExpired?: boolean };
+type FetchNewsOptions = {
+  includeExpired?: boolean;
+  forceFresh?: boolean;
+  allowedGroupIds?: number[]; // membership list to gate private asset news
+};
 
 const LIST_CACHE_MS = 60_000;
 const ITEM_CACHE_MS = 5 * 60_000;
+export const NEWS_REFRESH_EVENT = 'qassets:news-refresh';
 
 export async function fetchAnnouncements(
   limit = 5,
@@ -66,8 +72,10 @@ export async function fetchAnnouncements(
   try {
     const includeExpired = options?.includeExpired ?? false;
     const listKey = `ann:list:${includeExpired}:${limit}`;
-    const cachedList = getCached<NewsSummary[]>(listKey);
-    if (cachedList) return cachedList;
+    if (!options?.forceFresh) {
+      const cachedList = getCached<NewsSummary[]>(listKey);
+      if (cachedList) return cachedList;
+    }
 
     const expiryDays = Number(await getNewsPromoExpiryDays());
     const expiryCutoff =
@@ -134,7 +142,8 @@ export async function fetchAnnouncements(
     if (approvedEntries.length) {
       const ordered = approvedEntries
         .slice()
-        .sort((a, b) => (b.approvedAt || b.createdAt || 0) - (a.approvedAt || a.createdAt || 0));
+        .sort((a, b) => (b.approvedAt || b.createdAt || 0) - (a.approvedAt || a.createdAt || 0))
+        .slice(0, limit * 2);
 
       for (const entry of ordered) {
         const dedupeKey = keyFor(entry.publisher, entry.identifier);
@@ -154,33 +163,30 @@ export async function fetchAnnouncements(
     }
 
     // Also surface admin-published announcements even if not explicitly approved
-    if (items.length < limit) {
-      let docHits: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof searchSimpleByIdentifierPrefix>> = [];
-      let jsonHits: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof searchSimpleByIdentifierPrefix>> = [];
-      try {
-        [docHits, jsonHits] = await Promise.all([
-          searchSimpleByIdentifierPrefix('DOCUMENT', qaAnnouncementPrefix, limit),
-          searchSimpleByIdentifierPrefix('JSON', qaAnnouncementPrefix, limit).catch(() => []),
-        ]);
-      } catch (e) {
-        console.warn('Failed to fetch announcement list', e);
-      }
-      const allHits = [...docHits, ...jsonHits].sort(
-        (a, b) => (b.created || b.updated || 0) - (a.created || a.updated || 0)
-      );
+    let docHits: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof searchSimpleByIdentifierPrefix>> = [];
 
-      for (const hit of allHits) {
-        const dedupeKey = keyFor(hit.name, hit.identifier);
-        if (seen.has(dedupeKey)) continue;
-        const allowed = await canPublishAnnouncement(hit.name);
-        if (!allowed) continue;
-        const finalService = (hit.service as Service) || ('DOCUMENT' as Service);
-        const added = await pushAnnouncement(hit.name, hit.identifier, finalService, hit.created);
-        if (added) {
-          seen.add(dedupeKey);
-        }
-        if (items.length >= limit) break;
+    try {
+      [docHits] = await Promise.all([
+        searchSimpleByIdentifierPrefix('DOCUMENT', qaAnnouncementPrefix, limit * 2),
+      ]);
+    } catch (e) {
+      console.warn('Failed to fetch announcement list', e);
+    }
+    const allHits = [...docHits].sort(
+      (a, b) => (b.created || b.updated || 0) - (a.created || a.updated || 0)
+    );
+
+    for (const hit of allHits) {
+      const dedupeKey = keyFor(hit.name, hit.identifier);
+      if (seen.has(dedupeKey)) continue;
+      const allowed = await canPublishAnnouncement(hit.name);
+      if (!allowed) continue;
+      const finalService = (hit.service as Service) || ('DOCUMENT' as Service);
+      const added = await pushAnnouncement(hit.name, hit.identifier, finalService, hit.created);
+      if (added) {
+        seen.add(dedupeKey);
       }
+      if (items.length >= limit * 2) break;
     }
 
     const finalList = items.sort((a, b) => b.created - a.created).slice(0, limit);
@@ -192,13 +198,30 @@ export async function fetchAnnouncements(
   }
 }
 
+export function invalidateAnnouncementCache() {
+  invalidateByPrefix('ann:');
+}
+
+export function dispatchNewsRefreshEvent() {
+  if (typeof window === 'undefined') return;
+  try {
+    window.dispatchEvent(new Event(NEWS_REFRESH_EVENT));
+  } catch {
+    /* ignore */
+  }
+}
+
 export async function fetchLatestAssetNews(
   limit = 10,
   options?: FetchNewsOptions
 ): Promise<NewsSummary[]> {
   try {
     const includeExpired = options?.includeExpired ?? false;
-    const listKey = `assetnews:list:${includeExpired}:${limit}`;
+    const allowedGroupIds = options?.allowedGroupIds ?? [];
+    const listKey = `assetnews:list:${includeExpired}:${limit}:${allowedGroupIds
+      .slice()
+      .sort((a, b) => a - b)
+      .join(',')}`;
     const cachedList = getCached<NewsSummary[]>(listKey);
     if (cachedList) return cachedList;
 
@@ -218,6 +241,26 @@ export async function fetchLatestAssetNews(
 
     const items: NewsSummary[] = [];
     const seen = new Set<string>();
+    const privacyCache = new Map<number, { isPrivate: boolean; groupId?: number }>();
+
+    const getPrivacy = async (assetId: number) => {
+      if (privacyCache.has(assetId)) return privacyCache.get(assetId)!;
+      try {
+        const { publication } = await resolveAssetPublicationById(assetId);
+        const groupIdRaw = publication?.privateGroupId ?? publication?.primaryGroup?.id;
+        const groupIdNum = groupIdRaw != null ? Number(groupIdRaw) : undefined;
+        const info = {
+          isPrivate: Boolean(publication?.privateAsset),
+          groupId: Number.isFinite(groupIdNum as number) ? Number(groupIdNum) : undefined,
+        };
+        privacyCache.set(assetId, info);
+        return info;
+      } catch {
+        const info = { isPrivate: false, groupId: undefined as number | undefined };
+        privacyCache.set(assetId, info);
+        return info;
+      }
+    };
 
     for (const hit of hits) {
       const dedupeKey = `${hit.name}::${hit.identifier}`;
@@ -286,6 +329,15 @@ export async function fetchLatestAssetNews(
 
         const assetName = assetId != null ? `Asset #${assetId}` : undefined;
 
+        // Visibility: hide private asset news unless viewer is in the allowed group
+        if (assetId != null) {
+          const privacy = await getPrivacy(assetId);
+          if (privacy.isPrivate) {
+            if (!privacy.groupId) continue; // cannot authorize, skip
+            if (!allowedGroupIds.includes(privacy.groupId)) continue;
+          }
+        }
+
         title = extractTitleFromHtml(
           html,
           assetId != null ? `News for ${assetName}` : 'Asset news'
diff --git a/src/utils/notify.ts b/src/utils/notify.ts
index 9f68ab9..77ab952 100644
--- a/src/utils/notify.ts
+++ b/src/utils/notify.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ import {
 import { base64ToObject, objectToBase64 } from './data';
 import { sendChatMessage } from './qchat';
 import { getAccount, getTransactionInfoBySignature, transferAsset } from './qortalApi';
-import { BatchPublishResource, publishQdnResources } from './useQdnBatchPublisher';
+import { BatchPublishResource } from './useQdnBatchPublisher';
+import { enqueueQdnPublishJob } from '../state/publishQueue';
 
 export type NotifPriority = 'low' | 'normal' | 'high';
 export type NotifScopeStr =
@@ -302,7 +303,12 @@ export async function publishNotification(args: {
     });
   }
 
-  await publishQdnResources(resources);
+  const queued = enqueueQdnPublishJob({
+    label: `Notification publish (${scopeKey})`,
+    resources,
+  });
+  if (!queued) throw new Error('Unable to queue notification publish');
+  await queued.completion;
 
   // 4) Optional: ping Q-Chat (feeless)
   if (scopeKey === 'global' && args.chatGroupForGlobal) {
diff --git a/src/utils/publishAssetPublication.ts b/src/utils/publishAssetPublication.ts
index dee75fa..8adb6c0 100644
--- a/src/utils/publishAssetPublication.ts
+++ b/src/utils/publishAssetPublication.ts
@@ -1,28 +1,43 @@
 import { objectToBase64 } from './data';
 import type { AssetPublication } from '../types/AssetPublicationMetadata';
 import { getAssetIdentifiers } from '../constants/qdnConstants';
-// import { useAuth } from 'qapp-core';
+import { addPrivateMagic } from '../constants/qdeckIdentifiers';
 
 export const publishAssetPublication = async (
   owner: string,
   assetName: string,
-  pub: AssetPublication
+  pub: AssetPublication,
+  opts?: { privateGroupId?: number }
 ) => {
   if (!owner) throw new Error('ownerName is required');
   if (!assetName) throw new Error('assetName is required');
 
   const publishInfo = await getAssetIdentifiers(assetName);
   const identifier = publishInfo.identifiers.genesisPost;
-  const service = publishInfo.services.genesisPost;
+  const baseService = publishInfo.services.genesisPost;
   const data64 = await objectToBase64(pub);
 
+  const isPrivate = Number.isFinite(opts?.privateGroupId);
+  const service = isPrivate ? ('DOCUMENT_PRIVATE' as const) : baseService;
+  let finalData = data64;
+
+  if (isPrivate && opts?.privateGroupId != null) {
+    const encrypted = await qortalRequest({
+      action: 'ENCRYPT_QORTAL_GROUP_DATA',
+      base64: data64,
+      groupId: opts.privateGroupId,
+      isAdmins: false,
+    });
+    finalData = addPrivateMagic(encrypted);
+  }
+
   try {
     await qortalRequest({
       action: 'PUBLISH_QDN_RESOURCE',
       name: owner,
       service,
       identifier,
-      data64,
+      data64: finalData,
     });
   } catch (e: any) {
     const msg = e?.message || String(e);
diff --git a/src/utils/qmailNotifications.ts b/src/utils/qmailNotifications.ts
index 1740d06..1dbc133 100644
--- a/src/utils/qmailNotifications.ts
+++ b/src/utils/qmailNotifications.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { objectToBase64 } from './data';
 import { NotificationRecipient } from './notificationRecipients';
 import { uniqueId6 } from './ids';
 import type { Service } from 'qapp-core';
-import { publishResourcesWithProgress } from './qdnProgressivePublisher';
+import { enqueueQmailPublishJob } from '../state/publishQueue';
 
 const MAIL_SERVICE_TYPE: Service = 'MAIL_PRIVATE';
 const QMAIL_IDENTIFIER_PREFIX = '_mail_qortal_qmail_';
@@ -14,29 +14,7 @@ type SendQmailParams = {
   message: string;
   batchSize?: number;
   resumeFrom?: number;
-  onThrottle?: (ctx: {
-    sent: number;
-    total: number;
-    nextIndex: number;
-    attempt: number;
-    delayMs: number;
-    error: any;
-  }) => Promise<boolean> | boolean;
-  onProgress?: (ctx: { sent: number; total: number }) => void;
 };
-export class QmailPartialError extends Error {
-  code = 'QMAIL_PARTIAL';
-  sent: number;
-  total: number;
-  nextIndex: number;
-  constructor(msg: string, sent: number, total: number, nextIndex: number) {
-    super(msg);
-    this.sent = sent;
-    this.total = total;
-    this.nextIndex = nextIndex;
-  }
-}
-
 function buildIdentifier(recipientName: string, address: string) {
   const safeName = (recipientName || '').slice(0, 20).replace(/\s+/g, '');
   const suffix = (address || '').slice(-6) || '000000';
@@ -66,12 +44,8 @@ export async function sendQmailNotifications(params: SendQmailParams) {
   const batchSize = params.batchSize && params.batchSize > 0 ? params.batchSize : DEFAULT_BATCH;
   const total = validRecipients.length;
   const startIndex = Math.min(total, Math.max(0, params.resumeFrom ?? 0));
-  if (startIndex > 0) {
-    params.onProgress?.({ sent: startIndex, total });
-  }
   if (startIndex >= total) {
-    params.onProgress?.({ sent: total, total });
-    return;
+    return null;
   }
 
   const resourcesWithKeys = await Promise.all(
@@ -98,79 +72,27 @@ export async function sendQmailNotifications(params: SendQmailParams) {
     })
   );
 
-  const identifierToKey = new Map(
-    resourcesWithKeys.map(({ resource, publicKey }) => [resource.identifier, publicKey])
-  );
+  const identifierKeyMap: Record<string, string> = {};
+  resourcesWithKeys.forEach(({ resource, publicKey }) => {
+    identifierKeyMap[resource.identifier] = publicKey;
+  });
 
   const pendingResources = resourcesWithKeys.slice(startIndex).map((entry) => entry.resource);
   if (!pendingResources.length) {
-    params.onProgress?.({ sent: total, total });
-    return;
+    return null;
   }
 
-  let latestSent = startIndex;
-  let userCancelled = false;
+  const queued = enqueueQmailPublishJob({
+    label: subject,
+    resources: pendingResources,
+    fallbackPublicKeys,
+    identifierKeyMap,
+    chunkSize: batchSize,
+    throttleDelayMs: DEFAULT_THROTTLE_DELAY,
+    chunkTimeoutPerResourceMs: CHUNK_PUBLISH_TIMEOUT_PER_RESOURCE,
+  });
 
-  const toGlobalCount = (completedResources: number) =>
-    Math.min(total, startIndex + completedResources);
-
-  try {
-    await publishResourcesWithProgress(
-      {
-        label: 'Q-Mail notifications',
-        resources: pendingResources,
-      },
-      {
-        chunkSize: batchSize,
-        throttleDelayMs: DEFAULT_THROTTLE_DELAY,
-        onProgress: (ctx) => {
-          latestSent = toGlobalCount(ctx.completedResources);
-          params.onProgress?.({ sent: latestSent, total });
-        },
-        onThrottle: async (ctx) => {
-          const sent = toGlobalCount(ctx.completedResources);
-          latestSent = sent;
-          const proceed =
-            (await params.onThrottle?.({
-              sent,
-              total,
-              nextIndex: sent,
-              attempt: ctx.attempt,
-              delayMs: ctx.delayMs,
-              error: ctx.error,
-            })) ?? true;
-          if (!proceed) {
-            userCancelled = true;
-          }
-          return proceed;
-        },
-        executeChunk: async (chunk) => {
-          const chunkKeys = new Set<string>();
-          for (const res of chunk) {
-            const key = identifierToKey.get(res.identifier);
-            if (key) chunkKeys.add(key);
-          }
-          const keysToUse = chunkKeys.size ? Array.from(chunkKeys) : fallbackPublicKeys;
-          const timeoutMs = Math.max(
-            CHUNK_PUBLISH_TIMEOUT_PER_RESOURCE,
-            chunk.length * CHUNK_PUBLISH_TIMEOUT_PER_RESOURCE
-          );
-          await qortalRequestWithTimeout(
-            {
-              action: 'PUBLISH_MULTIPLE_QDN_RESOURCES',
-              resources: chunk,
-              encrypt: true,
-              publicKeys: keysToUse,
-            },
-            timeoutMs
-          );
-        },
-      }
-    );
-  } catch (e: any) {
-    if (userCancelled) {
-      throw new QmailPartialError('Q-Mail sending cancelled', latestSent, total, latestSent);
-    }
-    throw e;
-  }
+  if (!queued) return null;
+  await queued.completion;
+  return queued.id;
 }